Atoms
What is the charge on electrons?
Negative
True or false
All the atoms inside an element have different numbers of protons.
False
An element is a substance made entirely of identical atoms. All the atoms inside an element contain the same number of protons.
True or false
On the periodic table, for each element the atomic number is always bigger then the atomic mass.
False
The atomic mass is always bigger then the atomic number for each element
Explain what makes some elements not stable (and unhappy)?
The atoms of these elements would like to be stable. They can achieve stability by either gaining or losing electrons from their valence shell (the outer shell).
True or false
Polar bear have black skin
True. A polar bear's skin is black and its hairs are hollow, which is why polar bears look white
Protons, Neutrons, electrons
Explain where the electrons are in relation to the nucleus?
The electrons surround the nucleus of an atom and are arranged in shells
How many electrons does the element Platinum have, given its atomic number is 78?
78 electrons
As atomic number = protons = electrons
True or false
If an atom loses a negative (-ve) electron it will become positive charged and called an "anion"
False
A positive charged ion is called an “Cation”.
A negative charged ion is called a “Anion”.
However, the statement is correct that if an atom loses an electron it will become positively charged
What is a group of sharks called?
A shiver
What particles of the atom are used in chemical reactions?
Electrons
List the maximum number of electrons for the first 5 electron shells?
1st shell - 2 electrons
2nd shell - 8 electrons
3rd shell - 8 electrons
4th shell - 18 electrons
5th shell - 18 electrons
If Oxygen has a an atomic mass of 16 and atomic number of 8, how many neutrons?
Oxygen has an atomic number 8 on the periodic table, therefore it is has 8 protons.
16 mass – 8 protons = 8 neutrons
List two negative effects that radiation has on the human body?
- High doses of radiation can impair the functioning of tissues and organs
- Can cause nausea and vomiting, skin redness, hair loss, acute radiation syndrome, local radiation injuries (also known as radiation burns)
- death
- cancer
Names all the continents?
Bonus point if you can order them from biggest population to smallest.
Asia (biggest population)
Africa
Europe
North America
South America
Australia
Antarctica (smallest population)
Name one of the key scientists that helped develop the atomic model of the atom?
Democritus, Dalton, Thomson, Rutherford, Bohr, Chadwick
List 3 common compounds?
Bonus points if you include the correct chemical formula
True or false
On the Periodic table, the horizontal rows are called groups and the vertical columns are called periods.
False
Horizontal rows are called periods.
Vertical columns are called groups.
Name the three different forms that unstable isotopes emit energy in?
Alpha, beta and gamma radiation
Name the 5 oceans?
Atlantic, Pacific, Indian, Arctic and Southern Ocean
Briefly explain what Rutherford did to test Thomson's idea of the atom?
Bonus points if you can explain what the experiment revealed?
Ernest Rutherford set up an experiment to test Thomson’s idea and to add evidence to the model. In his experiment, Rutherford shot positive particles at gold foil. He expected all the positive particles to travel through the atom. Most of the positive particles did this, however, a few were deflected.
These results suggested that atoms were mostly empty space with a tiny dense, positively charged nucleus in the middle. The electrons must orbit around the nucleus.
Explain what is a compounds?
A compound is a substance made from more than one different type of element atom chemically bonded together. When these elements combine, they create a new substance with unique characteristics.
Elements on the periodic table can be divided into three main groups. What are the names of these groups?
Non-metals
Metalloids
Metals
Explain what an ion is?
Ions are when an atom has either lost or gained an electron during a chemical reaction and are now a charged particle
Name 3 of the 7 new wonders of the world
1 bonus point for ever extra new wonder you can list.
1. The Great Wall of China
2. Chichén Itzá is a Mayan city on the Yucatán Peninsula in Mexico
3. Petra is the ancient city in Jorden, located in a remote valley in the sandstone mountains
4. Machu Picchu in Peru
5. Christ the Redeemer a colossal statue of Jesus, stands atop Mount Corcovado in Rio de Janeiro
6. Colosseum in Rome
7. Taj Mahal in India