Bony Landmarks
What is the smooth surface of an articulating process? (general landmarrk)
Facet
Name of joint creating articulating process
Zygapophyseal joint
Origin of trapezius
Spinous processes C7-12, Lower part of ligamentum nuchae, occiput
What could a patient not perform if the accessory nerve was damaged?
Shoulder shrug (scapular elevation)
What is the primary curvature surfaces (concave vs convex in ant/post aspects)?
Primary= Anterior- Concave
Posterior- Convex
What is the superior projection from C2 (axis) that comes into contact with C1?
Dens
What is the ligament that continuously connects the spinous processes down the entirety of the spine?
Supraspinous ligament
Insertion of latissmus dorsi
floor of intertubercular sulcus of humerus
What could a patient not perform if rhomboid major (dorsal scapular N) was damaged?
Scapular adduction
What is the first milestone and what curve does it create (be specific, name and where)?
Head raising, secondary curvature creates lordotic curve of the cervical region
Please list the specific characteristics of cervical vertebrae (general)
- Uccinate process
- Bifid spinous process
- transverse foramen
- Triangular verterbral foramen
Name an example of a symphyseal joint in the spine?
Body/intervertebral disc/body
Insertion Longissimus Thoracis
Transverse processes of thoracic vertebrae
What should a patient perform in a healthy multifidus muscles (bonus 20 points if you can name nerve)?
What is the 2nd milestone to produce a secondary curvature (be specific of name and where)?
Standing creates lordotic curve of spine
Which thoracic vertebrae only has 1 costal facet?
T12
What is a main difference between a zygapophyseal joint/symphyseal joint?
Zygapophyseal joint is a synovial joint which has a joint capsule/fluid.
Origin Splenius Capitis
Spinous processes C7-T4
What does serratus posterior superior do functionally? Be specific of location
Elevate ribs 2-5
What is the name of exaggerated lumbar spine curvature sometimes seen in pregnant women?
Lordosis
What ribs articulate with the thoracic vertebral body T7 and at which points on the vertebrae?
SCF- Head of rib 7
TCF- Tubercle rib 7
ICF- head of rib 8
Please name all ligaments of the spine (including special ligaments associated with C1/C2)
-Posterior longitudinal ligament
-Supraspinous ligament
-Ligamentum flavum
-Interspinous ligament
- Transverse ligament
-Alar ligament
Insertion of semispinalis thoracis
Spinous processes upper 4 thoracic vertebrae, lower 2 cervical vertebrae
What is the function(s) of the multifidus muscle?
Bilateral vertebral column extension
Contralateral spinal rotation
Patient presents with S shaped curve from AP view of spine, what is this abnormality? (Bonus 20 points if you can name the 3 causes)
Scoliosis
BONUS: 1. Idiopathic
2. Congenital
3. Neuromuscular