Classroom Culture
What four materials must you bring to class every day?
Laptop, Plug-in headphones, Writing utensil, and Binder
Where can you find all official lab safety expectations?
The Lab Safety Contract
What are the three main subatomic particles?
Protons, Neutrons, and Electrons
Who proposed that electrons orbit the nucleus like planets?
Niels Bohr
Which three broad classifications describe most elements on the periodic table?
Metals, Nonmetals, and Metalloids
What attitude should you bring to class along with your materials?
A positive attitude and willingness to learn (This means participating in class)
What is the first thing you do before starting any lab?
Listen carefully to instructions and follow safety procedures
Which two particles are found in the nucleus?
Protons and Neutrons
What did Rutherford’s gold-foil experiment reveal?
Atoms have a dense, positively charged nucleus
What happens to atomic radius as you move from left to right across a period?
It decreases because electrons are pulled closer to the nucleus as protons are added.
What should you do if you miss class or are absent?
Check Canvas and calendar for information before asking the teacher, and complete missed work responsibly
What should you do if an accident happens or something breaks?
Inform the teacher immediately — do not try to clean or fix it yourself
Which particle has a negative charge?
Electron
What model replaced Bohr’s orbits with orbitals?
The Quantum Mechanical Model
What happens to ionization energy as you move across a period?
It increases, since electrons are held more tightly by the nucleus.
What should you do if you’re struggling with a concept or assignment?
Take responsibility for your learning — ask for help, attend tutorials, or message the teacher
Why must you wear goggles when working with chemicals or heat?
To protect your eyes from harmful substances or splashes
What determines the element’s identity?
Number of protons
Why did scientists move away from the Bohr model?
It couldn’t explain electron behavior in larger or complex atoms
What happens to electronegativity as you move down a group?
It decreases, because valence electrons are farther from the nucleus and easier to lose.
What does “professionalism in the classroom” look like?
Being on time, prepared, and respectful; staying engaged, avoiding side conversations, foul language and taking ownership of your behavior and learning
What should your lab station look like before leaving class?
Clean; materials put away, stools pushed in, and lab station wiped down.
If an atom has 8 protons, 10 neutrons, and 8 electrons, what element is it?
Oxygen
How does the quantum model describe the location of electrons differently from Bohr’s model?
Bohr had fixed circular paths; the quantum model uses probability clouds (orbitals) to show where electrons are likely to be found
Using what you know about trends, which element is more reactive — sodium (Na) or potassium (K)? Explain.
Potassium (K) — it’s lower on the periodic table, so its valence electron is farther from the nucleus and easier to remove, making it more reactive.