Endospores
Why do bacteria form endospores?
When they are in a harmful environment and may die.
What is an antibiotic?
A drug that is used to kill off bacteria
What is a obligate aerobe?
A bacteria that can only survive if there is oxygen present.
Which bacteria shape is like a ball?
Coccus / Cocci
Give one example of a situation where a bacteria may form into an endospore.
Exposed to extreme heat, exposed to extreme cold, lack of nutrients, high UV radiation present.
What is it called when a bacteria can no longer be killed off by a specific antibiotic?
Antibiotic resistance
Where can you find an obligate anaerobe?
Where there is no oxygen.
What is the shape of the bacteria Lactobacillus?
Bacilli, Rod Shaped
Name one bacteria that can form into an endospore
Bacillus anthracis, Clostridium botulinum, Clostridium difficile
Why do hospitals have more Methicilin resistant Stapholoccous aureus than schools?
Because hospitals use more sanitation measures to reduce bacteria populations than schools.
What do facultative aerobes need to live?
They can live with or without exygen
What is the process of binary fission?
Binary fission is when a bacterial cell copies its DNA and splits into two identical cells.
What can happen if you give a baby, under the age of 6 months, honey?
They may consume a botulism endospore which can cause them to develop botulism and get very sick
Penicillin is present on a agar plate. There is a 30mm circle around the antibiotic where no bacteria are growing. What is this circle called?
Zone of inhibition
Lactobacillus Hessa is facultative aerobe, it means it can grow with oxygen OR without oxygen, but it grows better when oxygen is present.
So in an oxygen-rich environment, the population will grow faster and larger because the bacteria can use oxygen to make more energy.
A facultative aerobe can “breathe” oxygen, but it doesn’t need it to survive.
When there is lots of oxygen, it gets more energy, so it divides faster and the population increases quickly.
When a new antibiotic is introduced the population of bacteria drops. Then it begins to go back up. Why?
It developed resistance to that antibiotic
A worker in an office opens a letter and a small cloud of white powder comes out.
Later, the worker becomes very sick with anthrax, while the coworker who only walked past the desk stays healthy.
Why did the worker who opened the letter get sick?
The letter had antrax spores in it and they breathed them in.
Ms. Jayla takes a broad-spectrum antibiotic for 10 days.
Why might she get another bacterial infection after finishing the medicine?
She may get a second infection because the antibiotic killed her helpful bacteria, leaving her body unprotected.
This condition forces bacteria to rely on glycolysis as their main source of ATP.
Anaerobic environment
Give one way to restore the gut microbiome after a round of antibiotics?
Eating probiotics, eating yogurt, eating kimchi