Bacteria
Chromosomes arranged in a free-floating structure are called a __________________
nucleoid
Describe what it means to be facultativley anaerobic
Does not require oxygen to live, but can live in the presence of oxygen
Name 1 reason why viruses are NOT considered living
can't replicate on their own, don't require energy, not made up of cells, don't maintain homeostasis
Give a synonym for communicable
infectious; contagious
What is the first and last name of the man who created the first vaccine?
Edward Jenner
_____________ are microscopic hairlike structures that help bacteria attach.
Pili
What type of archaea live in cow intestines?
methanogens
Viruses that contain RNA instead of DNA are called __________________.
retroviruses
Is follicultis bacterial, viral, or parasitic?
bacterial
Define vector and tell me and give an example
an animal that carries a disease
mosquito, tick, flea, etc.
Bacteria that carry out photosynthesis (similar to plants) are called ___________________.
photoautotrophs
____________ live in extremely salty environments
Halophiles
What 2 things must a virus contain?
genetic material (DNA or RNA) AND a capsid
What is an incubation period AND what is one factor that can affect it?
1. Time it takes to see symptoms after infection
2. Strength of infection, age of person, health of person, type of infection
What kinds of plants have root nodules filled with nitrifying bacteria?
legumes and clover!
What do tetanus, botulism, and anthrax all have in common?
They produce endospores
Name the 5 shapes of archaea
Rod
Spherical
Flat
Needle
Spiral
Describe why viruses cannot always be transmitted across species
different organisms have different receptors on their plasma membranes that viruses are suited to attatch to
What virus causes chickenpox?
Varicella zoster virus
ammonia
Describe one way in which Escherichia coli is harmful and one way it is helpful.
1. Food poisoning
2. Helps synthesize vitamin K which helps with blood clotting
What Greek word do we derive "archaea" from?
Archaois
Name the 4 nucleic acids that make up DNA (1st letter is fine) and which ones pair together
Adenine and Thymine
Guanine and Cytosine
What is the name of the nematode that causes elephantitis?
Wuchereria bancrofti
When was the first vaccine created? (within a 5 year age range is fine)
1796