Bacteria
What is the substance in bacterial cell walls that makes them different from archaea?
peptidoglycan
Is a virus living?
No
What's a synonym for communicable?
Contagious
What is the chemical symbol for nitrogen gas?
N2
Give an example of a type of food that is used with the aid of bacteria?
Cheese, yogurt, buttermilk, pickles, chocolate, bread
What is the whip/tail like structure that makes bacteria motile called?
Flagellum
What is a capsid?
protein coat
What percentage of the atmosphere is made up of nitrogen?
78%
Gram + bacteria will stain ____________.
purple
What is the small oiece of DNA that allows bacteria to mutate quickly called?
plasmid
Define virus
nonliving strand of genetic material within a protein coat
List 3 ways that infectious diseases spread?
Airborn
Direct contact
Indirect contact
Vectors
Food/water contamination
Describe 2 things that are powerful enough to break the triple bond of nitrogen gas?
lightning
What is a legume and why are they relevant to bacteria?
beans, soy, kudzu (it's a plant family) and it's relevant because they have a symbiotic relationship with bacteria who fix nitrogen for them
List the 3 ways that bacteria do or don't use oxygen
Aerobic
Facultative anaerobe
Obligate anaerobe
Explain why most viruses cannot spread across species (aka a cat can't give you the flu).
Different receptors on their plasma membranes
How can you get folliculitis?
What is the chemical symbol for ammonia?
NH3
What is another word for decomposer called?
saprobe
Give an example of a bacteria that can make an endospore.
antrax, botulism, tetanus
List the 3 types of archaea and where they can be found.
Halophile- salty
Thermophile- really hot environments
Methanogen- swamps, bogs, intestines
What is the incubation period for chickenpox?
14-16 days
Bacteriophages are viruses that quickly infect bacteria. They do not lie dormant, but rather, rapidly infect the bacteria. What type of cycle does a bacteriphage virus follow?
Lytic
What's one good thing that Escherichia coli (E. coli) can do for humans?
produce vitamin K which helps with blood clotting