Homestasiks
What is homeostasis?
the process by which living organisms maintain a stable internal environment despite changes in the external environment.
What is the function of insulin?
Insulin helps cells take in glucose from the bloodstream, lowering blood sugar levels.
What is the function of glucagon?
Glucagon raises blood sugar levels
What is the name of the hormone that lowers blood sugar levels?
insulin
What are the 2 types of feedback mechanisms?
Positive and negative feedback
How is body temperature regulated?
sweating to cool down and shivering to generate heat.
How does insulin affect blood sugar levels?
Insulin decreases high blood sugar levels by facilitating the uptake of glucose by cells.
Which organ releases glucagon to help keep blood sugar levels balanced?
pancreas
What role does the pancreas play in blood sugar regulation?
It releases insulin and glucagon
Give an example of negative feedback.
An example of negative feedback is the regulation of body temperature; when it rises, the body sweats to cool down.
regulation of body temperature; when it drops, the body shivers to warm up
blood glucose regulation; Insulin to drop high sugar, glucagon to to raise it up
What role does the hypothalamus play in thermoregulation?
The hypothalamus acts as the body's thermostat, detecting temperature changes and initiating appropriate responses.
What happens when insulin production is low?
blood sugar levels can rise excessively, leading to conditions like Type 1 and type 2 diabetes.
When blood sugar drops too low, what does glucagon tell the liver to do?
release stored glucose (glycogen) into the blood to raise sugar levels
What is Type 1 diabetes?
Type 1 diabetes is a condition where the pancreas produces little to no insulin.
Give an example of positive feedback.
An example of positive feedback is the release of oxytocin during childbirth, which increases contractions until delivery occurs.
What are negative and positive feedback?
Negative feedback reverses a change to maintain equilibrium
positive feedback amplifies a change to achieve a specific outcome.
What are the effects of insulin resistance?
Insulin resistance leads to higher blood sugar levels because the body's cells do not respond effectively to insulin.
How does glucagon raise blood sugar?
Glucagon raises blood sugar levels by promoting the conversion of glycogen to glucose in the liver.
What is Type 2 diabetes?
Type 2 diabetes is a condition where the body resists insulin, leading to high blood sugar levels.
Why are feedback mechanisms crucial in biology?
Feedback mechanisms are crucial because they help maintain homeostasis, allowing organisms to adapt to internal and external changes.
Why is homeostasis important for survival?
ensures that internal conditions remain optimal for cellular functions, allowing organisms to thrive despite external fluctuations.
How do insulin pumps work?
Insulin pumps deliver a continuous supply of insulin through a small device to help manage blood sugar levels in diabetes patients.
How does glucagon work with insulin?
Glucagon and insulin work together to maintain blood sugar balance; glucagon raises levels when they are low, while insulin lowers them when they are high.
Which two organs work together to control blood sugar?
Pancreas and Liver
How can feedback systems fail?
Feedback systems can fail due to hormonal imbalances, disease, or genetic factors, leading to conditions like diabetes or other health issues.