3-PS2-1
A student pushes a toy car, but it does not move.
Which best explains why?
A. The car has no wheels
B. Balanced forces are acting on it
C. The car is too heavy to ever move
D. The floor is slippery
B. Balanced forces are acting on it
A ball bounces on the ground 5 times in the same way. What can students predict?
A. The ball will bounce differently each time
B. The ball will bounce the same height again
C. The ball will stop bouncing immediately
D. The ball’s pattern cannot be predicted
B. The ball will bounce the same height again
A magnet pulls a paper clip across a table. What causes the clip to move?
A. Gravity
B. Friction
C. Magnetic force
D. Electric force
C. Magnetic Force
A jewelry box uses magnets to stay closed. If the box opens too easily, what design change would help?
A. Use stronger magnets with opposite poles facing.
B. Use weaker magnets.
C. Place like poles facing.
D. Add more distance between magnets.
A. Use stronger magnets with opposite poles facing.
_____________ is a non-touching force that pulls all things down to Earth and is always acting on all objects.
GRAVITY
Which TWO situations show unbalanced forces?
☐ A soccer ball rolling and slowly stopping
☐ A book resting on a desk
☐ A tug-of-war where one side pulls harder
☐ A balanced scale with equal weights
Soccer ball stopping, tug-of-war
Which TWO examples show a motion pattern that can be predicted?
☐ The Moon rising each night
☐ A car changing lanes in traffic
☐ A pendulum swinging back and forth
☐ A cat running randomly
The Moon rising each night, A pendulum swinging back and forth
Scenario: A student builds a “floating train” model using magnets. The train car floats above the track without touching.
Part A: Which statement explains how this is possible?
A. The magnets repel because like poles face each other.
B. The magnets attract because opposite poles face each other.
C. The magnets stop working when stacked.
D. The magnets are weaker when near iron.
Part B: If the student accidentally flips one track magnet, what happens?
A. The train is pulled down onto the track.
B. The train floats higher.
C. Nothing changes.
D. The magnets lose strength.
Part A: A. The magnets repel because like poles face each other.
Part B: A. The train is pulled down onto the track.
Exert means
A. Attract
B. to make objects fall down
C. to make objects move
D. to cause a force to act on an object
to cause a force to act on an object
______________is the force that stops and slows down all motion on Earth.
FRICTION
Part A: A sled moves downhill faster after snow is packed tightly. Why?
A. Friction decreased
B. Gravity stopped working
C. The sled became lighter
D. The slope became less steep
Part B: Which evidence best supports your answer?
A. The sled moves farther before stopping
B. The sled slides slower on rough snow
C. The sled is harder to push uphill
D. The sled makes a deeper track in soft snow
Part A : A. Friction decreased
Part B: B. The sled slides slower on rough snow
Part A: A student spins a top. The top always wobbles before it stops. What pattern is observed?
A. The top spins forever
B. The top slows and wobbles before stopping
C. The top changes color
D. The top speeds up over time
Part B: How does this help predict future motion?
A. The top will always roll away
B. The top will always stop spinning after wobbling
C. The top will never stop
D. The top’s motion is random
Part A : B. The top slows and wobbles before stopping
Part B: B. The top will always stop spinning after wobbling
A toy car has a magnet in the front. Another car has a magnet in the back. When pushed close together, the cars push away from each other. Which poles are facing?
A. North and south.
B. Two north poles.
C. A north and a south pole.
D. Any pole combination.
B. Two north poles.
There are two types of forces we have learned about
________________ forces and ___________________ forces
Touching Forces and Non-Touching Forces
___________________ is the push or pull between two magnets, or the pull of a magnet on some kinds of metal
Magnetic Force
Two students push a box in opposite directions. Student A pushes harder than Student B. Predict what will happen and explain why.
A. The box will move toward Student A because the forces are unbalanced
B. The box will stay still because the forces cancel
C. The box will move toward Student B because both forces are equal
D. The box will move randomly because forces are unpredictable
A. The box will move toward Student A because the forces are unbalanced
Which TWO situations show a predictable motion pattern?
☐ Earth orbiting the Sun
☐ A swing going back and forth
☐ A leaf blowing in the wind
☐ A balloon floating randomly
☐ Earth orbiting the Sun
☐ A swing going back and forth
A student is playing with magnets to investigate magnetic forces. The student has the poles facing in opposite directions.
Part A: How will the magnets move when they are brought close together?
A. The magnets will stop working.
B. The magnets will push apart and repel instead of attract.
C. The magnets will disappear.
D. The magnets will pull together and attract instead of repelling
Part B: What evidence BEST supports your answer from Part A?
A. When magnetic poles are facing the same side they will pull together and attract.
B. When magnetic poles are facing down they will push apart and repel.
C. When magnetic poles are facing opposite sides they will pull together and attract
D. When magnetic poles are facing the same side they will repel
Part A: D. The magnets will pull together and attract instead of repelling
Part B: C. When magnetic poles are facing opposite sides they will pull together and attract
Part A: A student wants to design a toy car launcher using magnets. Which setup will work best?
A. Magnets placed to attract the car
B. Magnets placed to repel the car forward
C. Magnets placed sideways
D. No magnets used
Part B: Which evidence supports this design?
A. The car slows down when pulled
B. The car moves faster when pushed away by magnets
C. The car doesn’t move unless touched
D. The car stops suddenly at the end
Part A: B. Magnets placed to repel the car forward
Part B: B. The car moves faster when pushed away by magnets
A _______________ is an object that pulls on some kinds of metal and pushes and pulls on other magnets, even without touching them
magnets
Multi-select Which pieces of evidence would show a skateboarder experiences balanced forces?
☐ The skateboarder rolls downhill faster
☐ The skateboarder stops rolling and stands still
☐ The skateboarder keeps rolling on a flat road at the same speed
☐ The skateboarder crashes into a curb and falls forward
Standing still, rolling at the same speed
A student designs a toy where magnets launch marbles forward without touching. Which placement would work?
A. Two north poles facing the marble.
B. One north and one south pole facing.
C. Magnets far apart.
D. Magnets facing away from the marble.
A. Two north poles facing the marble.
Scenario: A student wants to design a door latch using magnets. She places one magnet on the door and one on the frame.
Part A: Which setup will hold the door closed?
A. North facing north.
B. South facing south.
C. North facing south.
D. Magnets far apart.
Part B: If she accidentally places both magnets with the same poles facing, what will happen?
A. The door will stay shut more tightly.
B. The door will push open.
C. The magnets will stop working.
D. Nothing will change.
Part A: C. North facing south.
Part B: B. The door will push open.
If an engineer designs a magnetic lock but it doesn’t close tightly, what should be adjusted?
A. Flip one magnet so opposite poles face.
B. Move the magnets farther apart.
C. Replace magnets with plastic.
D. Make both poles face the same way.
A. Flip one magnet so opposite poles face.
the part of a magnet that pushes or pulls is called __________
pole