Terms
A single theme pervades the this type of piece, entering in one voice then another
Fugue
A group of thinkers and artists who influenced early Baroque opera
The Florentine Cammerata
This innovation allowed for expansion of harmonic possibilities in vocal accompaniment
Basso Continuo
He was born in Italy, but emigrated to France, where he created a new style of French opera called tradegie en musique/tradegie lyrique- a combination of drama,
music, and ballet
Jean-Baptiste Lully
The shift from modal harmony to this allowed composers to create more complex instrumental forms
Tonal harmony - major/minor
Bach was a devout _____, which affected his music very much
Lutheran
Handel synthesized the styles of three countries: where he was born, where he spent some formative years, and where he ended up for the rest of his life
Germany, then Italy, then England
This type of composition for a small group of instruments contrasts with a full ensemble (ripieno).
Concerto Grosso
The famous "Halleluia Chorus" from the Messiah, a form known as _______
Oratorio
This term refers to overlapping statements of the subject.
Stretto
A lavish musical or dance interlude performed between the acts of a play was called ___________
Intermedio
Monteverdi's innovative opera ______is still widely performed today.
L'Orfeo
The ____________was played at the beginning of the opera and was first intended to mark the entry of the King into the performance, and was comprised of two sections which are repeated, the first being homophonic and the second
section is usually faster and employs the use of imitation
Overture
He solidified the concerto grosso form and the sonata structure.
Corelli
These six concerti were written as a gift for the Margrave of Brandenburg
The Brandenburg Concertos
What happened to the popularity of opera during Handel’s lifetime?
It went out of fashion
In opera, this is the speech-like section used for dialogue and plot advancement.
Recitative
Spring from the Four Seasons, written by ____________
Antonio Vivaldi
The Baroque Era saw the rise of a single voice melody with instrumental accompaniment, known as
Monody
Collections of multi-voiced secular songs that, when performed together, told a cohesive
story were called ____________
Madrigal Comedies
He expanded upon the innovations of early opera, merging the expressive possibilities of monody with a more sophisticated orchestration
Monteverdi
He wrote distinctly English operas, but used some Italian and French elements
Henry Purcell
This composer was known for his virtuosic violin playing
Vivaldi
Bach's motivation for writing "The Well Tempered Clavier" was ______________
Pedagological
Many of Handel’s compositions written in his later years were these.
Oratorios
The difference between opera and oratorio is this.
Staging. Operas are staged, oratorios are not.
This form is known as ________
Fugue
Male singers who had their childhood voices preserved were known as…
Castrati
Dafne, considered to be the very first opera, was written by this Italian composer
Jacobo Peri
This form featured serious, heroic plots and virtuosic singing.
Opera Seria
One result of opera developing in other countries was this.
They were sung in languages other than Italian
The piece Handel composed for a boat party is called this
Water Music
He wrote many of these - a multimovement work with solos, arias, recitatives and choruses with orchestral accompaniment
Cantata
His most famous oratorio, usually sung at Christmas and Easter
The Messiah
This new approach to composition emphasized a single mood or “affect” throughout a piece.
the Doctrine of Affections
Venetian Composer Gabrieli used this technique in his Sacrae Symphoniae.
Antiphonal Choir
This term refers to multiple independent melodic lines that intertwine intricately.
Counterpoint
This city was the birthplace of opera
Florence
Early Baroque Opera was born out of the tradition of __________
Greek Tragedy
Purcell's most famous opera is called ___________
Dido and Aeneas
This form focused on the dynamic contrast between soloist and orchestra
Concerto
Many of Bach's instrumental works push the boundaries of __________, being full of challenging passages, demanding both precision and emotional depth.
Instrumental Technique, virtuosity
Handel’s royal patron, who provided employment and support, through the latter half of his life was
King George I
Baroque art and music often reflected the grandeur and power of these rulers.
Absolute Monarchs
The style of this song became pervasive in the Baroque Era.
Monody