Principles of Nutrition
What are the three main macronutrients that provide energy?
Carbohydrates, Proteins and Fats
What system is responsible for breaking down food into nutrients?
Digestive system
The term for a lack of proper nutrients in a diet is
Malnutrition
What happens to vitamin C when food is overcooked?
It is destroyed or reduced
What is the study of food and how it affects health called?
Nutrition
Primary function of protein in the body is the
Growth and Repair of tissues
Where does most nutrient absorption take place?
Small intestine
- Name one nutrient vegetarians might lack.
- Why would they lack it?
Vegetarians may lack vitamin B12 and iron because these nutrients are mainly found in animal foods and are harder to absorb from plants.
What process causes fats and oils to spoil when exposed to air?
Oxidation
Name one function of vitamins.
Regulate body processes or support immune system
What is essential for regulating body temperature and transporting nutrients?
Water
What organ stores glycogen for energy?
liver
What is a food allergy?
A food allergy is occurs when the body’s immune system reacts negatively to a specific food, treating it as harmful and causing symptoms like itching, swelling, or difficulty breathing.
True or False: Boiling vegetables in water can cause nutrient loss.
True
What nutrient provides the most energy per gram?
Fat
Name two benefits of good nutrition
Disease prevention, healthy growth, energy, improved brain function, etc.
What system circulates nutrients throughout the body?
Circulatory system
Give one example of how religion or culture influences diet.
Avoiding pork, fasting, halal, kosher - fit or proper food only (Jewish dietary law) etc.
What does adding alkali (like baking soda) do to vitamins?
Destroys certain vitamins like thiamine and vitamin C
What is a “balanced" diet?
A diet consisting of a variety of different types of food and providing adequate amounts of the nutrients necessary for good health.
How does the body use oxygen and nutrients together to produce energy?
Through cellular respiration
What disease affects how the body regulates blood sugar?
Diabetes
What’s one way to reduce nutrient loss when cooking?
Steam instead of boil, cook for shorter times, or eat raw when possible
Why is good nutrition important for culinary professionals?
It helps them create healthy, flavorful dishes that meet diverse dietary needs and promote wellness, giving them an edge in the competitive food industry.