Muscle Functions
Describe an isometric contraction and give an example.
What is... when the muscle length stays the same. i.e. a plank
The agonist in a biceps curl.
What is...biceps brachii
During bone healing, this is the stage where callus begins to form over the bone.
What is...repair phase (phase 2)
Name 3 examples of heat therapy.
What is... moist hot pack, paraffin, warm whirlpool, commercial heat pack.
Name 3 examples of cold therapy.
What is... ice pack, cold whirlpool, cold spray, ice massage, ice cups.
The two types of isotonic contractions and describe them.
What is... concentric - muscle shortens and eccentric - muscle lengthens
An example of a vertical line of pull movement.
What is...pull up/deadlift/squat
These are the two types of blood cells discussed that come in during soft tissue healing to "clean up" at the injury.
What is...phagocytes and leukocytes.
Name 3 systemic responses to heat therapy (whole body)
What is... increased body temp, increased HR, increased breathing rate, decreased BP
Name 3 systemic responses to cold therapy.
What is... narrow blood vessels, slow HR, slow breathing, shivering, increased muscle tone
What is... vertical, horizontal, diagonal
The concentric muscle in a calf raise.
What is...calf muscle (gastrocnemius/soleus).
This is formed during the second phase of soft tissue repair when fibroblasts are completing their job.
What is...scar tissue
Name 3 local effects of heat therapy.
What is... widened blood vessels, increased cell metabolism, waste removal, increased leukocyte, edema, decreased muscle spasm, perspiration, increased nerve signals
Name 3 local effects of cold therapy.
What is... narrowed blood vessels, slowed cell metabolism, decreased waste, reduced inflammation, decreased pain, decreased muscle spasm
The agonist and antagonist are described as the following.
What is...the agonist is the primary mover (concentric) and the antagonist controls the rate of speed (eccentric).
An example of a movement along a horizontal line of pull.
What is...rows
The 5 cardinal signs of inflammation.
What is...pain, redness, swelling, heat, loss of function.
This heat therapy involves melted wax immersion.
What is...paraffin bath
What is...15-20 minutes.
The 6 functions of muscle.
What is...motion, heat production, maintain posture, protection, shock absorption, pressure alterations
An example of a movement along a diagonal line of pull.
What is...wood chops
This occurs during the remodeling phase of bone healing.
What is... callus is reabsorbed and bone is formed around the fracture site.
This is the reason why we do NOT use heat therapy for an acute injury.
What is... heat increases inflammation and brings cells to the injury site, in an acute injury we are trying to avoid increased swelling.
This happens to the body if the patient has Raynaud's Phenomenon
What is...the skin turns a pale/blueish color.