Carbs
What is the monomer of a carb?
What is a monosaccharide
What is the monomer of a lipid?
What is a fatty acid
What is the monomer of a protein?
What is an amino acid
What is the monomer of DNA?
What is a nucleotide
What will a positive result for the ELISA test look like?
What is green
What is the name of the bond between two monosaccharides?
What is a glycosidic linkage
What new functional group is in a lipid (compared to carbs)?
What is a carboxyl
An enzyme catalyzes a chemical reaction by...
What is lowering activation energy
What are the functional groups of a nucleotide?
What are nitrogenous bases, phosphate groups, and hydroxyl groups
What does the ELISA test test for?
What is the C-peptide in insulin
What are the products of the hydrolysis of a carb?
What are two monosaccharides
What type of bond is created in the dehydration synthesis of a triglyceride?
What is an ester bond
Describe an enzyme-substrate complex diagram (keep size in mind).
What is the enzyme (bigger structure), substrate (smaller structure), and activation site (where substrate and enzyme connect)
Phosphodiester bonds join two nucleotides. What is the chain of phosphodiester bonds known as?
What is a backbone
What is the difference between the causes of Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes?
What are the functional groups of carbs?
What are carbonyls, hydroxyls, ketones, aldehydes
What are energy storage, cell membrane, signaling, protection, insulation, and padding
What is it "will bind to an enzyme and block the substrate from binding"
What are the two types of purines and the two types of pyrimidines?
What are...
Purines: Adenine and Guanine
Pyrimidines: Thymine and Cytosine
What is signal peptidase bringing the hormone preproinsulin -> proinsulin, and then endopeptidase brings the hormone proinsulin -> insulin
How do you label the second carbon in a glucose molecule? Clockwise or anticlockwise?
2', clockwise
What are all the types of lipids?
What are triglycerides, phospholipids, glycolipids, steroids, and lipoproteins
How do enzymes develop their unique shape?
What are the properties of amino acids and their unique R-groups
The functional groups are on which carbons?
What are...
nitrogenous base: 1'
phosphate group: 5'
hydroxyl group: 3'
What is a normal blood glucose level, and what is a high blood glucose level?
What is 75-100 mg/dL and 125 mg/dL