structure
the compound represented by "H-O-H"
water
the lipids responsible for long term energy storage that may also insulate the body and cushion organs
fats and oils
the carbohydrate commonly known as blood sugar
glucose
a chemical substance containing atoms from more than one element
compound
wine would make a very poor substitute for blood as its pH of 4 would cause blood to become far too
acidic
H-C-OH
carbohydrate
the slightly negative and slightly positive ends of water molecules allows which special type of bonding to take place
H-bonding or "hydrogen bonding"
a sugar sometimes called milk sugar that many unlucky souls cannot properly digest, leading to gas.
lactose
large molecule made by joining monomers
polymer
in the body, amylase helps break down carbohydrates. it is a special type of protein known as an
enzyme
A biological macromolecule made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
carbohydrate
large amounts of energy must be gained or lost for water to change temperature because of a specific type of bonding between water molecules
hydrogen bonds
the storage form of glucose in plant cells
starch
this type of substance would have a pH of less than 7
acidic
when more H+ is added to water, it becomes more
acidic
polymers made of monomers called "amino acids"
proteins
this property of water allows humans to cool themselves down by sweating
high heat of vaporization
because animals cannot digest it, we have to have bacteria in our guts to break down this polysaccharide that makes up plant cell walls
cellulose
Carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins, Nucleobases
the four major classes of biological macromolecules
a reaction where water is used to break down a polymer
hydrolysis reaction
an organic compound, synthesised from cholesterol, that is identifiable by its four fused ring structure
steroid
the key property of fatty acid chains that allows them to remain in the inside portion of the phospholipid bilayer
hydrophobic tails
the organ that stores glucose as glycogen
the liver
testosterone is a steroid synthesized from cholesterol. which falls under one of the four major biological macromolecules. the category is
lipids
this type of reactions joins simple sugars together to make disaccharides
condensation reactions