First Aid Knowledge
How do you check if a victim is conscious and breathing?
Conscious - AVUP Tool ( talking, slapping, shaking )
Breathing - Ear to mouth for 5 seconds
Tell me 3 things you do when treating a seizure ?
- Call EMS
- Clear the area
- Place something under their head
- Count the seizure
- Do not restrict victim
- Do not put anything in the mouth
- Wait till they are done seizing to move / treat them
Name the illness where a victim is having chest pain, trouble breathing, but has a medical condition and has medication ?
Angina
What is the treatment for a victim in shock?
WARTS
What are the 3 different groups of CPR ( give age requirments )
Infant ( 0 -1 )
Child ( 1 - 8 )
Adult ( 8+ )
What do the 3 P's of first aid stand for?
Preserve Life
Prevent Further Injury
Promote Recovery
List the sign & symptoms for a 1st, 2nd, 3rd degree burn
1st - red, pain
2nd - rest, painful, blisters
3rd - black, grey, see through layers of tissues and organs
Name the illness where a victim loses feeling on one side of their body, they are suffering from double vision, stumbling their words, and cannot smile properly?
Bonus: What is it called when a victim suffers for 20 minutes, but then all symptoms go away. Known as a warning "mini" sign
Stroke
Bonus: TIA
How do you treat a victim having an asthma attack?
Bonus: How do you use the inhaler ?
- Place victim in comfortable position
- Help them use their medication
- Lossen tight clothing
- Purslip breathing
- Call EMS if needed
Bonus:
Shake inhaler 3-4 times and remove the cap
Place inhaler at victims mouth and have them breath out
Press top as victim takes long breath in
Ask them to hold breath as long as they can
Explain how to do CPR for infants, children, and adults? ( How many hands? What kind of a breath? )
Infants - 2 thumbs or heel of 1 hand & puffs
Children - 1 hand & half breath
Adult - 2 hands & full breath
What are the 3 worker rights?
1. Right to know workplace hazards and protection
2. Right to practice in health and safety activities
3. Right to refuse unsafe work
List sign and symptoms for a fainting victim?
- feeling light headed
- dizzy
- disoriented
- loss of consciousness
- pale clammy skin
A victim was playing soccer and got hit in the head. They are complaining that the light is bothering them, they have a headache, and they cannot remember what happened? What is this
Concussion
What is the treatment for a seizing victim? Provide 3
- Call EMS
- Clear the area
-Place something under the head
- Count and time number of seizure
- Do not restrict victim
What changes when treating an adult / child vs infant for severe choking?
Abdominal thrusts vs chest thrusts
Infants need more support
On a chair or kneel ( infant )
Tell me when we would use these acronyms:
SAMPLE
WARTS
RICE
AVPU
FAST
SAMPLE - Secondary Assessment
WARTS - Shock & Treatment
RICE - Bone & Joint
AVPU - Unconscious
FAST - Stroke
Explain the difference sign & symptoms between heat exhaustion and heat stroke
Heat Exhaustion:
hot, tired, normal mental status, sweating, headache, dizziness
Heat Stroke:
very high body temperature and skin, unable to cool down, no sweating, confused, disoriented, vomiting, loss of consciousness
Name the illness where a victim is confused, low energy, has a medical bracelet, appears intoxicated, and has stinky breath?
Diabetes
Explain how you would treat this type of victim: A victim laying face down on the floor beside a ladder
- Check LOC and ABC
- Call EMS
- If not breathing do CPR
- If breathing leave in position, and pack the body with soft materials
- Secondary Assessment
If a victim goes unconscious from choking, what do you need to make sure you do every time before you give rescue breaths?
What do you do when a rescue breath does not go in?
Check the airway and see if the object is removalbe
Readjust the head ( head tilt chin lift ) and give breath again
What does it mean "working towards your STANDARD OF CARE" ?
Only doing what you are trained to do. Never go above and beyond your training
Explain the different sign and symptoms between a sprain, break, and dislocation
Sprain - red and swollen
Break - deformity, discolouration, heard a "crack"
Dislocation - body is out of alignment, heard a "pop"
What is it called when a victim has an open chest wound, their lung has collapsed, and they are breathing into their chest instead of their lung?
Pneumothorax
Explain how you treat these types of poisoning:
Ingested
Injected
Inhaled
Contact
All: Call EMS & Posion control
Ingested: do not induce vomiting unless told
Injected: keep area below the heart
Inhaled: remove from poisonous area
Contact: wash, wrap, and stop the spread
Tell me how we handle 3 of these situations with an AED Machine:
Bra
Hairy Chest
Excess Water
Pacemaker
Child / Infant
Pregnant
Oxygen Tank
Bra: Adjust the bra so that the pads go to the correct spot on victim
Hairy Chest: Shave or trim the area where the AED pads will be placed.
Excess Water: Be sure to remove person from water, chest is dry, and you are dry. It is safe to use an AED on ice or snow.
Pacemaker: Place pads at least 2.5 cm (1 inch) away from device
Child / Infant: Use the child pads and place one pad on the front, and one on the back. DO NOT use adult pad
Pregnant : Follow standard protocols, saving the parent is priority
Oxygen Tanks : Disconnect or remove supplemental oxygen (oxygen tank) before delivering shock with AED