Vocabulary
The number of outcomes in E divided by the total number of outcomes in the sample space, assuming that all outcomes are equally likely
What is Theoretical Probability?
A number is selected at random from the set of natural numbers from 1 to 10. What is the probability of selecting the number 4?
Express your answer as a fraction.
1/10
Joanne wants to wear an outfit that consists of a hat, a blouse and a dress.
She has two hats, five blouses and six dresses to choose from. How many possible outfits does she have to choose from?
60
The type of sample space that results when items are selected from a single set with replacement, and "order" matters.
Power (or Tuple)
A pizza place offers a deal on a "random pizza." You get a discount on a one-topping pizza if you allow the owner to pick the size and the topping at random.
This pizza place offers three sizes and eight possible toppings. What is the probability you end up with a medium pepperoni pizza? Express your answer as a fraction.
1/24
The number of trials in which an outcome in E occurred divided by the total number of trials
What is Experimental Probability?
A number is selected at random from the set of natural numbers from 1 to 10. What is the probability of selecting a multiple of 4?
Express your answer as a reduced fraction.
1/5
A true-or-false quiz has four questions. In how many ways can this quiz be completed if you must answer every question?
16
The type of sample space that results when items are selected from a single set without replacement, and "order" matters.
Permutation
You flip a fair coin seven times. What is the probability that all the flips come up heads? Express your answer as a fraction.
1/128
The Law that relates Theoretical and Experimental Probability
What is the Law of Large Numbers?
A number is selected at random from the set of natural numbers from 1 to 10. What is the probability of selecting a factor of 4?
Express your answer as a fraction.
3/10
A true-or-false quiz has four questions. In how many ways can this quiz be completed if you are allowed to leave questions blank?
81
The number of items we have to select from.
What is "n"?
A teacher calls six different students to the board at random. What is the probability he calls their names in alphabetical order? Express your answer as a fraction.
1/720
Any subset (part) of a sample space
What is an Event?
A trial consists of rolling a pair of fair dice. What is the probability the outcome is "snake eyes" (two 1s)?
Express your answer as a fraction.
1/36
There are nine players on the starting lineup of a baseball team. In how many ways can these players all line up in a row for a photo?
362,880
The number of items that are actually selected.
You are assigned a phone number that consists of seven digits, chosen at random. What is the probability that your phone number does not contain any repeated digits?
Express your answer as a Percent rounded to the nearest whole number.
6%
Any action or set of actions with an uncertain outcome
What is a trial?
A trial consists of rolling a pair of fair dice. What is the probability the outcome is a 4 and a 5 in either order?
Express your answer as a reduced fraction.
1/18
There are 16 people running in a race. The top three finishers will all receive a different prize.
In how many ways can these prizes be awarded?
3,360
The formula to find the size of a Permutation space
n!/(n-r)!
You roll a pair of fair dice. What is the probability that the sum of the numbers that appear is an odd number? Express your answer as a reduced fraction.
1/4