Basic Terms
This is the study of knowledge in collection, organization, presentation, analysis and interpretation of data
What is Statistics?
Used to present how data is distributed into categories, typically presented in circular form.
Variable takes values that are labels, names or categories. The frequencies or number of observations falling into the same category can be obtained. It is the lowest level of measurement.
What is Nominal?
Indicates the peakedness or flatness of a data distribution. Measured by the coefficient, K.
What is Kurtosis?
quick and easy to understand
a rough measure of dispersion
Max-Min is the formula
What is Range?
This is the type of statistics that creates generalized conclusions from case studies or data analysis.
What is Inferential Statistics?
It shows the data distribution, symmetry, average, spread, and presence of extremely high or low values
Usually utilizes number lines with dots
What is dot plot?
variable takes values that are labels or categories with an implied ordering. However, the difference between two data labels is meaningless i.e. cannot be measured.
What is Ordinal?
gives the degree of departure of the distribution of the data from symmetry. It is measured by the coefficient, SK.
describes the spread or variability of the observations in a given data set. The higher the value, the greater the variability of the data set.
What is Measures of Dispersion?
Name the three main types of variables utilized in statistics and identify which two are quantitative.
What is qualitative, discrete and continuous?
Used to summarize some numerical descriptive measures of a quantitative data
Utilizes boxes connected by various lines, dotted and straight.
What is box and whisker plot?
variable takes values that can be ordered or ranked and the difference between two data values is meaningful. Variables at this level may lack an absolute zero point, that is, a value of zero does not imply the absence of the characteristic.
value about which the observations tend to cluster, also called the average of the data set. The three commonly used measures of _______ are the mean, median and mode.
What is Measure of Central Tendency?
̵ all observations contribute on the computation
̵ always non-negative
̵ comes in the square of the unit of measure of the given set of values
̵ difficult to interpret
What is Variance?
We want to study the characteristics of the students enrolled in STAT 164 E. We noted the number of units they are enrolled in, student classification and weight in kg. Name the population, variables and what type of variables they are (in terms of discrete and continuous)
Used to study the relationship between two quantitative variables by observing the pattern of plotted points
Uses graphs with dots & line
What is scatterplot?
variable has all the properties of the interval scale but this time, a value of zero indicates the absence of the characteristic being measured. It is the highest level of measurement.
What is Ratio?
̵ a relative measure that indicates the magnitude of variation relative to the magnitude of the mean, expressed in percent
̵ unitless
̵ used to compare dispersion of two or more data sets with the same or different units
What is Coefficient of Variation?
̵ not affected by the presence of extreme values ̵ not as easy to calculate as the range ̵ gives the range of the middle 50% of the observations
What is IQR?
1. The Department of Agriculture used methods in statistics to evaluate whether there is shortage of rice in the country.
2. According to Labor Force Survey statistics in January 2008, the number of employed persons is 33.7 million, which places the unemployment rate at 7.4 percent.
Name the difference in the use of statistics in these two statements.
1. is the singular use
2. is the plural
Plots the shape of the estimated distribution of the population of a variable
Utilizes graphs with curved lines
Name three properties of interval scale.
Naming, Addition/Subtraction, Mathematical Operations.
What is Qualitative FDT One Way & Two Way and Quantitative FDT Group and Ungrouped?
same unit of measure as that of the observations
̵ usually reported with the mean
̵ easier to interpret than the variance
̵ is the deviation of data values from the mean, on the average
̵ indicates how close the data values are to the mean, on the average
What is Standard Deviation?