History
described the unit character of genetic traits; is also the father of genetics
Mendel
Name the purines
Adenine and Guanine
catalyze formation of phosphodiester bond
Polymerase
circular extrachromosomal entities
plasmids
recombination in eukaryotes is done through?
sexual reproduction
discovered the "transforming principle"
Griffith
Name the pyrimidines
Thymine and Cytosine
unwind and untangle
helicase
3 types of reconjugation
conjugation, transduction, transformation
recombination in prokaryotes are done through?
conjugation, transformation, and transduction
proved that the "transformin principle" was DNA
Avery, Macleod, McCarty
Which two nucleotides are bonded with two bonds
Adenine and Thymine
synthesize short RNA to prime for DNA synthesis
Primase
type of recombination where genes are transferred through pili contact
conjugation
(like people conjugating together to share ideas)
nuclease that removes bases from the ENDS of DNA strands
exonuclease
proved DNA replication was semiconservative
Meselson and Stahl
Guanine and Cytosine
catalyze formation of a single phosphodiester bond (connects fragments of DNA)
ligase
type of recombination where bacteriophage inserts its DNA in to host cell
Transduction
(think of it like an "abduction", the bacteriophage is taking the cell hostage and forcing its DNA into it)
nuclease that cut DNA strands internally
endonuclease
proved the # of purines is EQUAL to the # of pyrimidines
Chargraff
DNA is synthesized in what direction?
5' to 3'
cut DNA
nuclease
type of recombination where the host cell uptakes plasmid DNA from the body all on its own
transformation
(like a self-growth transoformation where you're willing open to things around you)
this strand is synthesizes in okazaki fragments
lagging strand