Atomic Theory History
Democritus, a scientist from _____________, was the first person to come up with the idea of "atoms".
Ancient Greece
The most electronegative element.
Fluorine
Nobel Gases
What two subatomic particles contribute to an atom's mass number?
Protons and Neutrons
What subatomic particle does not contribute to an ion's overall charge?
Neutrons
The first person to create a complete atomic theory.
John Dalton
Ionization energy of the elements ____________ as you move from left to right across a period.
Increases
These metals are so reactive, chemists usually need to store them in oils or inert gases.
Alkali Meltals
Is the mass number of an atom different from the atomic mass? Why or why not?
Yes. The mass number refers to an individual atom, while atomic mass is a weighted average of the mass numbers of all the possible isotopes of an element.
If an atom has more electrons than protons, it is said to have a ___________.
Negative overall charge
Rutherford's gold foil experiment proved that atoms had _____________.
A positively charged nucleus.
Which of the following atoms has the largest atomic radius?
Phosphorous, Gallium, Carbon, or Arsenic
Gallium
These nonmetals are extremely reactive and can form bonds extremely easily.
Halogens
What is the hyphen notation of an isotope that has 7 neutrons and 6 protons?
Carbon-13
How many electrons does a Ca2+ ion have?
18e-
Schrodinger's experiments lead to the theory of the ___________________, which improved upon Bohr's Orbits model.
Electron Cloud
Increases
These elements tend to have the same qualities of transition metals, but are softer and do not conduct electricity as well.
Post-Transition Metals
How do you write the nuclear notation of an Isotope?
Write the chemical symbol of the element, then to the left write the mass number over the atomic number.
How many protons does a Sn4- ion have?
50
This scientist's Uncertainty Principle states that one can know the location or velocity of a given electron at a specific point in time, but not both.
Heisenberg
The Ionization Energy, or amount of energy required to remove an electron from an atom, generally decreases as you move down a group. Why?
As you move down a group, the number of electron shells shielding the valence electrons from the nucleus increases, decreasing it's effect on the valence electrons.
Only two of this group's elements naturally occur on Earth in abundance, but all are radioactive.
Actinides
The specific areas of high probability around a nucleus where elections are likely to be found are called _________.
Orbitals
What is the name of this polyatomic ion:
HCO3-
Bicarbonate