DNA electrophoresis
DNA is separated based on what in gel electrophoresis?
Size
Who discovered how EcoRI cuts?
Janet Mertz
What is the name of a piece of bacterial DNA that we have added a target gene to using restriction enzymes?
A recombinant plasmid
What does GMO stand for?
Genetically modified organism
What part of the DNA is negatively charged?
Phosphate backbone
If a restriction enzyme cuts and does not leave sticky ends, what kind of ends does it leave?
Blunt ends
What is the name of the hormone that we often use DNA cloning to create more of to treat diabetes?
Insulin
What is the name of the alternative to DNA cloning that involves using other animals instead of bacterial plasmids?
Pharming
What happens if you load large, uncut DNA into a gel?
It creates a large smear at the top of the gel
If the palindromic sequence is AAGCTT, what is the complimentary strand?
TTCGAA
What is the bacteria that we use to clone insulin?
E. coli
What do we call an animal that has a human target gene inserted into its genome?
A transgenic organism
If I have a DNA strand that is 100 bases long and a second strand that is 1000 bases long, which will travel further down the gel?
The 100 base pair strand
Is the following a palindromic sequence that a restriction enzyme could recognize: GCGGCCGC?
Yes
True or false: Both the bacterial plasmid and the target gene both need to be digested with the same restriction enzyme for DNA cloning.
True
What hormone do genetically modified salmon express that allows humans to catch and sell them earlier for consumption?
Growth hormone (GH)
Why do you always need to include a DNA size ladder?
To compare the fragments you're running so you can estimate the size
If I have a circular piece of DNA and I use a restriction enzyme that cuts the DNA once, how many fragments of DNA will be generated?
1
What do we call the recombinant plasmids that allow us to get large amount of our target protein using DNA cloning?
Cloning vectors
Why might we use animals instead of bacteria to get a target protein?