BASIC KNOWLEDGE OF POPULATION
What is Demography and what do demogrpahers do?
Study of population
- they look at how people are distributed spatiallty
(age, gender, job, fertility, health
What is the replacement level for a population to keep on growing?
2.1%
Classic Pyramid :
wide bottom - CHILDREN
narrow top- few old people
greater than 2.1 replacement rate
poor people farming
Africa Ex. congo
STAGE ONE
pre-modern,hunter gather, everyone rural, life is hard some good times some bad
half a million years long
CBR AND CDR are high and erratic
high fertility lots of kids high IMR longevirty is in the gutter
*****NO LONGER EXSISTS ON EARTH
Stage one
infectious diseases and parasites
accidnets animal attacking
-Bubonic plauge
not good mediscla help
When did population start growing faster:?
AND Where is all the population mostly concentrated?
Earths population is ______?
The second half of the 20th century
Developing countures
CLUSTERED
What does infant mortality show?
LEvel of health care systems and acess to health care
Column shaped pyramid
CBR is stable
people die and are replalced
population is stable
better off country
Ex. US
STAGE 2 BOO
urbanizing and industrializing
covers most of human history
starts early civilization all the way until INDUSTRIALIZATION
8,000 years long
people are still a the mercy of mother nature, most people do not live in big cities, better medince weapons and shelter people live longer
BIRTH RATE IS HIGHER - lots of kids and they are staying alive longer
DEAth is goign down IMR = down
POPULATION EXPLODES also NIR is HIGH
Europe and america made it to stage to around 1800
(INDUSTIRLA REV
Africa, asia, and latin america dodnt make it there until 1950
(MEDICLS REV)
Kenya, Vietnam, Afghanistan, Gutaemala
Stage 2
"Stage of receding pandemics": diseas that occurs over a wide geogrpahic area
industrial revooution helpos reduce death rates with sanitation medicine and cleaner food
cholera is common
John snow used his own GIS to layer location of victims and water sources to figurew out cholera
Two-thirds of the population live in these four clusters?:
What is the western hemispheres main cluster?
What about in Africa?
East asia, south asia, europe, and south east asia
NOrtheast Us south East Canada
Africa - along the atlantic coast
What is the difference between natural and overall growth rate?
Natural jsut births and deaths
overall migration as well
Shape inverted pyramid
death rates are than CBR
not as many kids being born
lots of Old people
RICHER JAPAN
stage 3
birth rates decrease, death rates still declining,
NIR is moderating
"mature industirlal phase" "stage two on steriods+birth rates dropping like flies
Job specialization machines doing the work
CITIES have it all
* Diff between 2 and 3 half the pop is urbanized in stage 3 EDU is up and CBR is down
Death rates still delcining not as much as stage 2
birht plummmets (BIG IDEA)
Pop increases
fertility decreases Longevity increases
China, brazil turkey south africa UAE
stage 3
Moderarely DELCining CDR
degenerative human made diseases
increase in aging disease cause we are lving linger
cardiovasualar ansd caner
3 types of density?
Arthimetic- total number of objects in an area
Physiological- number of people supported by an area of arable land
agriculturlal- farmers to arable land
What is an ecumene?
ZPG?
Part of earths surface where people live
a decline in total fertility rate to the point where natural increase rate is zero
What can population pyramids tell us?
age of country
development level
future needs potenial problems
education of women family size
age and gender info
STAGE 4
Post industiral stage
almsot no farmers 2% of US
not many facotires sevice jobs and desk jobs msotly city living highest level of tech
inventions IPhone Siri Microwave
CBR AND CDR begin to stabalize
Pop is stsble
TFR is LOW LONG is high
US UK AUSTRIALIA EUROPE SOUTH KOREA SAUDIA ARABAIA
stage 4
low but increases CDR
delayed degenertive diseases cancer and heart still there
tech has helped alot
downfall is obesiry and sedentary lifestyle
Tell me about East asia?
tell me about SOUTH asia?
Tell me about Sub-saharan africa?
South eats asia?
Northeast africa and the middle east?
EA- 1.5 billion China most populous *FF- china has 26 major urban areas with 2 mil in each
SA-1/4 of the world's people 1.4 billion 1.2 Bil are from india
SSA- 700 mil concentraed around water (Nigeria is most populous.
SEA- 600 million Indonesia is crnaking up the numbers 255 million people alone on JAva island
NEAME- 550 million. Depends on immigration
South america 500 million
Tell me about
a.) Malthus' theory
b.) Neo-malthus'
c.) malthus' critics
A.) population will increase and we will run out of food supplies. Basically we are growing faster than our food can support. He was right about our levels of food but he oveguessed how much we would grow as a populatiopn
B.) HAve noticed that a gap between people and reoasurces is evident in poorer nations also we are using up natural resources as well
C.) think that our resources are expnaidng not stationary like Malthus also with more people woulnd't we have more food produced Also social isssues (white people hating africa) are causing lack of resources.
What IS A COHORT?
group of people who share the same time frame of life ish like 2000-2005 or 1970-1975
STAGE 5
THEORIZED
CBR lower than CDR
pop is shrinking
Italy, Russia, ELLAZ, Japan
ZHTW H ELLAZ
stage 5 (possible
evoloution of germs antibiotics can't cure like super germs
poverty- malria is strogn in poor areas
also infectious disease is more common there as well