Parts of a Battery
Batteries convert __________ energy into _________ energy.
Chemical energy into electrical energy
What kind of metal is found at the anode?
The more reactive metal (higher on the activity series)
Ideally to produce a high voltage battery, what must the two metals look like on the activity series?
The further apart they are, the higher the voltage they can provide
What does OIL RIG stand for?
Oxidation Is Loss
Reduction Is Gain
Who was the scientist that created the first battery?
Alessandro Volta
A device that runs on electricity is called a _________.
Load
Oxidation always happens in which end of the battery? Reduction always happens in which end of the battery?
Oxidation is at the anode; Reduction is at the cathode
Which battery pairing will give you the higher voltage?
(Cd and Sn) or (Mg and Zn)
Equal voltage
Write the 2 half reactions and label as "oxi" or "red"
Ni0 + Pb2+ --> Ni+2 + Pb0
Oxi: Ni0 --> Ni+2 + 2e-
Red: Pb2+ + 2e- --> Pb0
What is the difference between wet and dry cell batteries? Give an example of each.
Wet cell: Liquid electrolyte; Car Battery
Dry Cell: Paste electrolyte; Alkaline batteries
The substance in a battery that helps electrons flow between the two electrodes is called a(n) _________.
Electrolyte
A battery has Ni and Mg as electrodes. Which is the anode? Which is the cathode?
Anode = Mg
Cathode = Ni
Which battery pairing will give you the higher voltage?
(Na and Pb) or (K and Al)
Na and Pb
Write the 2 half reactions and label as "oxi" or "red"
Mg0 + Fe3+ --> Mg+2 + Fe0
Oxi: Mg0 --> Mg+2 + 2e-
Red: Fe3+ + 3e- --> Fe0
Solve for the missing variable AND identify the gas law:
V1= 150 mL
T1= 30°C
V2= 225 mL
T2= ?
Charles's Law; 454.50 K
The negative end of a battery is called the _________.
Anode
In which direction do electrons flow in a battery?
From negative to positive
To make the BIGGEST voltage, what two metals could you use?
Li and Au (Furthest apart)
What happens to charge in oxidation? What happens to charge in reduction?
Charge goes up in oxidation, charge goes down in reduction
In order for electrons to power a device, the circuit must be __________.
Complete
The positive end of the battery is called the ________.
Cathode
A battery has Ba and Mg as electrodes. Which is the anode? Which is the cathode?
Anode = Ba
Cathode = Mg
Which battery pairing will give you the higher voltage?
(Zn and Fe) or (Al and Cd)
Al and Cd
Write the 2 half reactions and label as "oxi" or "red"
Li0 + Zn2+ --> Li+ + Zn0
Oxi: Li0 --> Li+ + 1e-
Red: Zn2+ + 2e- --> Zn0
Solve for the missing variable AND identify the gas law:
P1= 34.5 kPa
V1= 9.0 L
P2= 20.0 kPa
V2= ?
Boyle's Law; 15.53 L