Industrialization and Urbanization
What is Industrialization?
Making factories in order to produce things in mass quantities for sale.
Where did cities and factories develop more, the North, South, or West U.S.?
North
What does the word Abolition mean?
The action of legally ending slavery
What does the word suffrage mean?
The right to vote.
What is the name of the religious revival in the U.S. in the 1800's that helped create many of these reform movements?
2nd Great Awakening
What is the cotton Gin?
A device that separates and cleans cotton.
How did the abundance of workers, availability of money, and new transportation systems affect the U.S.?
More people, money, and transportation equals greater development of Industry and the economy grows.
Where and for what purpose were enslaved people used?
The South. Agriculture.
During the movement in the 1800's, did women gain suffrage?
No. That happened in 1920 with the 19th amendment.
Who refused to pay their taxes because they did not pay the Poll Tax or did not pay their taxes because they did not want to give money to a government that supported slavery?
He was also a Transcendentalist.
Henry David Thoreau
What is a canal? Where is the Erie canal and why is it important for U.S. trade?
A canal is a man made river created to connect two other bodies of water.
The Erie canal is in New York and connects the Atlantic ocean to the Great Lakes.
How can railroads assist in the development of cities throughout the U.S.?
People can travel to places faster.
Harriet Beecher Stowe wrote a book that convinced a lot of people to become abolitionists. What was the name of this book?
Uncle Tom's Cabin
What is the significance of the Seneca Falls Convention?
Bonus: What state is Seneca Falls in?
1st Women's rights meeting in the U.S.
New York
Briefly describe the philosophy of Transcendentalism.
The belief that you do not need to go to church to experience God. There is a balance between God, Man, and Nature that we should learn to live with and respect. Promoted self-reliance, and individualism.
What is the Bessemer Process?
How could it assist in building the railroad?
The Bessemer process is a way to purify steel faster and better.
The more steel we make, the more railroad line we can lay.
Define Free Enterprise.
private business operates in competition and largely free of state control.
Was the Abolitionist movement successful in ending slavery nonviolently?
No, the Civil War was fought over the issue of slavery.
What is the Declaration of Sentiments?
Who wrote it?
The Sentiments demanded equality with men before the law, in education and employment.
Elizabeth Cady Stanton
An art movement came from Transcendentalism where the artist focused on displaying the beauty of nature. What was the name of the group of artists?
Hudson River School Artists
What did Samuel Morse invent? How did this invention change the world?
The Telegraph.
People could instantaneously communicate with each other.
How did factories help cities develop?
People want to live close to where they work, so they move close and over time cities develop.
Who created the Underground Railroad and what was it used for?
Harriet Tubman, it helped enslaved people escape from the south into the north where they could be free.
What is the Temperance movement?
The movement to stop the use and sale of alcohol in the U.S.