ANATOMY
This long bone, the strongest and heaviest in the human body, bears the weight of the entire upper body.
Answer: What is the femur?
This common over-the-counter painkiller, also known as Tylenol, reduces pain and fever but does not reduce inflammation.
Answer: What is acetaminophen (or paracetamol)?
This iron-rich protein inside red blood cells binds to oxygen so it can be carried through the bloodstream.
Answer: What is hemoglobin?
The fluid pressure exerted against blood vessel walls, measured using systolic and diastolic values, is called this.
Answer: What is blood pressure?
Epinephrine acts as a chemical analog to this naturally occurring hormone and neurotransmitter involved in the fight-or-flight response.
Answer: What is adrenaline?
Deoxygenated blood returns from the upper body to the right atrium via this major blood vessel.
Answer: What is the superior vena cava?
Benadryl and Claritin belong to this class of drugs used to stop sneezing and runny noses from allergies.
Answer: What are antihistamines?
During a resting state, a neuron maintains a negative charge inside relative to the outside.
Answer: What is resting membrane potential?
This term describes the contraction phase of the cardiac cycle when the heart pumps blood out into the arteries.
Answer: What is systole?
The liver produces this yellow-green digestive fluid to help break down and emulsify fats in the small intestine.
Answer: What is bile?
The gap or junction across which nerve impulses pass from one neuron to another via neurotransmitters.
Answer: What is a synapse?
Advil and Motrin are brand names for this nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug used for headaches and muscle aches.
Answer: What is ibuprofen?
Filtered liquid first enters this cup-like sac surrounding the glomerulus before moving into the renal tubules.
Answer: What is Bowman's capsule?
Metformin is the most widely prescribed first-line medication used to manage blood sugar in this specific condition.
Answer: What is Type 2 diabetes?
This term describes the percentage of an administered drug dose that actually reaches systemic circulation intact.
Answer: What is bioavailability?
Located at the back of the brain, this structure is primarily responsible for motor control, balance, and coordination.
Answer: What is the cerebellum?
This neurotransmitter is the primary signal chemical released by postganglionic sympathetic neurons to act on adrenergic receptors.
Answer: What is norepinephrine (noradrenaline)?
This gland at the base of the brain secretes antidiuretic hormone (ADH) to tell the kidneys to conserve water.
Answer: What is the pituitary gland (posterior pituitary)?
These powerful prescription pain relievers, like morphine and oxycodone, carry a high risk of addiction and dependency.
Answer: What are opioids (or narcotics)?
Wave-like muscle contractions that push food through the esophagus and digestive tract are known as this process.
Answer: What is peristalsis?
This deep brain structure acts as the body's chief relay station for almost all sensory information entering the cortex.
Answer: What is the thalamus?
Atropine works by competitively blocking this specific class of acetylcholine receptors found in smooth muscle and cardiac tissue.
Answer: What are muscarinic receptors?
This term refers to the maximum volume of air a person can expel from the lungs after a maximum inhalation.
Answer: What is vital capacity?
This long cranial nerve, named from the Latin for "wandering," extends from the brainstem down to the heart and digestive tract.
Answer: What is the vagus nerve ?
The double-layered membrane that surrounds the lungs and lines the chest cavity to prevent friction during breathing.
Answer: What is the pleura?