FDA Regulations
Two qualifications that define biocompatibility
What are efficacy and safety?
This cell is a lymphocyte that kills any cells expressing the wrong self marker or no self marker
What is a natural killer cell?
A scenario where you would want to induce thrombosis
What is...
- an aneurysm?
- hemorrhage?
- wound healing?
Somatic cells reprogrammed into a embryonic stem-cell like state
What are induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs)?
Product of all complement pathways that functions in cell lysis OR cleavage.
What is the MAC complex?
Bonus: What is C3 convertase?
The organization(s) that test new medical devices
What are manufacturers?
The class of MHC found only on antigen presenting cells
What is MHC II?
These processes occur at Stage II of hemostasis
What are coagulation and fibrin web formation?
Number of MHC I mismatches acceptable for organ or tissue transplants
What is 0-2?
What is the alternative pathway?
Type of testing that measures the harmful effects of single or multiple exposures in a <24 hour period
What is acute systemic toxicity?
The process that generates random diversity in T and B cell receptors
What is somatic recombination?
The three factors that influence thrombosis
The creation of a permanent physical barrier between transplanted cells and the host
What is immunoisolation?
This protein labels pathogens for phagocytosis in opsonization
What is C3b?
Conditions resulting in a Class 2 FDA recall
What are temporary or low severity health problems?
Two differences between T cell receptors and antibodies
What are...
- membrane bound vs. membrane bound and secreted
- recognize MHCs vs. bound and free targets
- monovalent vs. bivalent
- no affinity maturation
- no class switching
Wound healing process where myofibroblasts attach to the extracellular matrix of a wound and pull the tissue together
What is wound contraction?
The treatment that depletes bone marrow cells in preparation for hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) therapy
What is myeloablative conditioning?
Consequences of enhanced inflammation by complement
What are...
- inflammatory cytokine release?
- smooth muscle contraction?
- neutrophil recruitment?
- increased vessel permeability?
anaphalyactic shock!!
FDA center that would likely evaluate a new vaccine
What is the Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research (CBER)?
This is how CD4+ Th1 cells and macrophages are related (and specific examples).
What is CD4 Th1 cells secreting/binding cytokines that recruit and activate macrophages? What are IFN-gamma/CD40 (activation), TNF-alpha and LT-alpha (extravasation), CXCL2 (recruitment).
The positive feedback loop involved in wound healing.
What is a platelet plug, where release of platelet factors (ADP & serotonin) lead to formation of plug and recruitment of more platelets.
These are the three kinds of organ transplant rejection and why they happen.
What are: hyperacute rejection due to pre-existing complement-activating antibodies, acute rejection due to recipient T-cell activity, and chronic rejection due to low-grade B-cell production of donor-specific antibodies.
3 ways the complement system can be regulated
What are...
C1 inhibition
hydrolysis of unbound C4b
degradation of C4b2a (C3 convertase)
inhibition of C3b, hydrolysis of unbound C3b
inhibition of MAC.