Measurement
What are the 2 types of Measurement Systems?
Continuous and Discontinuous Measurement Systems
Which of the following is used to describe what occurs immediately BEFORE a behavior occurs?
Consequence
Behavior
Antecedent
Discriminative Stimulus
Antecedent
Name 1 of the 3 Chaining Procedures.
Forward, Backward, Total-Task Chaining
What are the 4 functions of behavior?
Attention, Escape/Avoidance, Access to Tangibles, Automatic (Sensory)
What is the correct order of the prompting hierarchy from Least Restrictive to Most Restricted?
Verbal Prompt ->Gestural/Model Prompt -> Partial/Full Physical Prompt
Name 2 of the 5 Continuous Measurement Systems
Frequency, Duration, Inter-Response Time, Latency, and Rate.
Name 2 of the 4 Preference Assessments?
Free Operant, Paired Stimulus, Multiple Stimulus Without Replacement, Multiple Stimulus With Replacement
If a response is reinforced only after an average number of responses occur, which schedule of reinforcement is being used?
Fixed Ratio Schedule of Reinforcement
Variable Ratio Schedule of Reinforcement
Fixed Interval Schedule of Reinforcement
Variable Interval Schedule of Reinforcement
Variable Ratio Schedule of Reinforcement
Which of the following involves presenting or adding a non-preferred stimulus immediately after a behavior occurs and decreases the likelihood of that behavior happening again in the future?
Positive Reinforcement
Positive Punishment
Negative Reinforcement
Negative Punishment
Positive Punishment
Ken is a 1st grade student in a self-contained unit. His teacher, Mrs. Morgan, consults with the RBT at her school about what she can do to stop Ken from running his hand on the wall as he walks down the hall during transition times. The RBT thinks about implementing a differential reinforcement schedule that involves teaching, and reinforcing, the use of a fidget during transition times to make it impossible for Ken to run his hands on the wall as well as use the fidget. Based on this description, which is the best differential reinforcement schedule the RBT could use?
DR of Other Behaviors
DR of Alternative Behaviors
DR of Incompatible Behaviors
DR of Higher Rates of Behavior
Differential Reinforcement of Incompatible Behaviors (DRI)
Name 1 of the 3 Discontinuous Measurement Systems
Whole-Interval Recording, Partial-Interval Recording, and Momentary Time Sampling.
What is the difference between a Preferred Item and a Reinforcer?
A preferred item may not be a reinforcer unless we know how its presentation effects future behavior.
What is a breakdown of a complex task into smaller, teachable units, the product of which is a series of sequentially ordered steps or tasks?
Discrete Trial Teaching
Chaining
Naturalistic Teaching
Task Analysis
Task Analysis
Name 2 of the 6 Differential Reinforcement Procedures?
DRA, DRO, DRI, DRH, DRL, DRD
What is the difference between an unconditioned reinforcer and a conditioned reinforcer?
An unconditioned reinforcer does not require any previous pairing to gain its reinforcing value. A conditioned reinforcer must be paired with another conditioned reinforcer or an unconditioned reinforcer to gain its reinforcing value.
Is the definition below a good or bad example of an Operational Definition:
Aggression – anytime a student aggresses toward a student
Bad example.
Identify the function based on this scenario:
Johnny is sitting at his desk in his math class. He hates math and will do anything to get out of it. When his teacher, Mrs. Smith, gives him the daily worksheet, he swipes it onto the ground and yells “I hate this! I don’t want to do it!”. Since Mrs. Smith has other students she needs to work with, she takes the worksheet away and Johnny sits at his desk with his head down while the rest of the class finishes working.
Escape/Avoidance
What is a reinforcement system that involves the individual earning a set number of placeholders that correspond with a number of tasks to complete. Once all tasks are completed and placeholders are earned, the individual can exchange the placeholders for the preferred item or activity they were working for?
Fixed-Ratio Schedule of Reinforcement
Token Economy
Scheduled Reinforcement Procedure
Reinforcement Hierarchy
Token Economy
In the context of Extinction, what is the rapid increase in the frequency of responding when an extinction procedure is implemented called?
Extinction Burst
Spontaneous Recovery
Initial Extinction
High Magnitude Response Variable
Extinction Burst
What are the 3 main components to keep in mind when you are creating an Operational Definition for aberrant behavior?
Clear, Concise, Objective
Which of the following is NOT a Dimension of Measurement?
Repeatability
Generality
Temporal Locus
Temporal Extent
Generality
If an RBT decides to conduct an assessment of a student’s behavior in the order that they are typically learned in a child’s life (which might not be the most “logical” order), which type of assessment is the RBT conducting?
Social-Skills Assessment
Curriculum Assessment
Developmental Assessment
Functional Assessment
Developmental Assessment
What is the main difference between Naturalistic Teaching and Discrete Trial Training?
DTT is a teacher-led approach to teaching a skill and Naturalistic Teaching is a child-led approach that uses the child's natural environment to teach a skill.
What is the type of variable that changes the reinforcing, or punishing, effectiveness of a stimulus which in turn changes the current frequency of a behavior?
Establishing Operations (EOs)
Motivating Operations (MOs)
Reinforcement and Punishment Variables
Abolishing Operations (AOs)
Motivating Operations (MOs)
What is the difference between Generalization and Maintenance?
Generalization involves being able to apply what has been learned in new ways or situations outside the ones in which they were taught and Maintenance is the extent to which the learner continues to perform the target behavior after a portion or all of the intervention has been terminated.