A relatively permanent influence on behavior, knowledge, and thinking skills that comes about through experience.
What is learning?
100
A form of associative learning in which a neutral stimulus becomes associated with a meaningful stimulus and acquires the capacity to elicit a similar response.
What is Classical Conditioning?
100
Application of the principles of operant conditioning to change human behavior.
What is Applied Behavior Analysis?
100
Learning that involves acquiring skills, strategies, and beliefs by observing others.
What is Observational Learning?
100
The branch of psychology that specializes in understanding teaching and learning in educational settings.
What is Educational Psychology?
200
The view that behavior should be explained by observable experiences, not by mental processes.
What is behaviorism?
200
Also called instrumental conditioning, this is a form of learning in which the consequences of behavior produce changes in the probability that the behavior will occur.
What is Operant Conditioning?
200
Teaching new behaviors by reinforcing successive approximations to a specified target behavior.
What is Shaping?
200
Bandura's theory that social and cognitive factors, as well as behavior, play important roles in learning.
What is Social Cognitive Theory?
200
The pattern of biological, cognitive, and socioemotional processes that begins at conception and continues through the life span.
What is Development?
300
Thoughts, feelings, and motives that cannot be observed by others.
What is mental processes?
300
Reinforcement based on the principle that the frequency of a response increases because it is followed by a rewarding stimulus.
What is Positive Reinforcement?
300
Partial reinforcement timetables that determine when a response will be reinforced.
What is Schedules of Reinforcement?
300
The belief that one can master a situation and produce positive outcomes.
What is Self-efficacy?
300
The individual's overall conception of herself or himself, also called self-image and self-worth.
What is Self-esteem?
400
Learning that two events are connected
What is associative learning?
400
Reinforcement based on the principle that the frequency of a response increases because an unpleasant stimulus is removed.
What is Negative Reinforcement?
400
Removing an individual from positive reinforcement.
What is Time-out?
400
Changing behavior by getting individuals to monitor, manage, and regulate their own behavior rather than letting it be controlled by external factors.
What is Cognitive Behavior Approaches?
400
Problem solving skills and the ability to adapt to and learn from experiences.
What is Intelligence?
500
Name the four main cognitive approaches to learning.
What is Social Cognitive, Information-Processing, Cognitive Constructivist, and Social Constructivist?
500
A method based on classical conditioning that reduces anxiety by getting the individual to associate deep relaxation with successive visualizations of increasingly anxiety-provoking situations.
What is Systematic Desensitization?
500
Taking a positive reinforce away from an individual.
What is Response Cost?
500
The self-generation and self-monitoring of thoughts, feelings, and behaviors in order to reach a goal.
What is Self-regulatory learning?
500
Educational that values diversity and includes the perspectives of a variety of cultural groups on a regular basis.