In Pavlov's original experiment with dogs, the meat served as this.
What is the US or Unconditioned Stimulus?
100
Some assembly-line production systems work on this schedule - the worker gets paid for every 10 widgets she makes.
What is a fixed ratio schedule?
100
In order to be able to punish my cat even when I'm not near enough to reach him, I have paired the sound of a clicker with getting squirted with water. Now the sound of the clicker causes him to startle.
What is Classical Conditioning?
100
A trainer pulls up on a dog's collar and commands the dog to "sit". The dog sits, and the trainer releases the tension on the collar.
What is negative reinforcement?
100
He accidentally discovered Classical Conditioning.
Who is Pavlov?
200
As a child, you were playing in the yard one day when a neighbor’s cat wandered over. Your mother (who has a fear of cats) screamed and snatched you into her arms. Her behavior caused you to cry. You now have a fear of cats. The CS is this.
What is the cat?
200
My e-mail account works on this schedule. I sometimes get email every 5 minutes and other times it could be hours between receiving email.
What is a variable interval schedule?
200
In a weight management class, participants earn points for every healthy meal they eat and every period of exercise they complete. Later these points result in refunds of their class fees.
What is Operant Conditioning?
200
A puppy jumps on her returning, beloved person. The person says nothing, folds his arms over his chest, and faces the door. The puppy stops jumping and begins barking instead.
What is negative punishment?
200
My "box" is well known in the world of psychology, but the rats don't like it very much.
Who is Skinner?
300
As a child, you were playing in the yard one day when a neighbor’s cat wandered over. Your mother (who has a fear of cats) screamed and snatched you into her arms. Her behavior caused you to cry. You now have a fear of cats. The US is this.
What is your mother's behavior?
300
Slot machines at casinos work on this schedule, the payoff is random, occurring after an undetermined amount of button pushes.
What is a variable ratio schedule?
300
After the bad car accident we had last year, I cringe and break into a sweat at the sound of squealing brakes.
What is Classical Conditioning?
300
A dog jumps up on the table and steals a steak. She runs off and eats it. The cook comes back from another room, sees the steak gone, yells, "No" and throws a rolled-up towel at the dog.
What is positive punishment?
300
This approach is popular in dealing with problematic target behaviors both in school environments and in the clinic.
What is ABA (applied behavioral analysis)?
400
As a child, you were playing in the yard one day when a neighbor’s cat wandered over. Your mother (who has a fear of cats) screamed and snatched you into her arms. Her behavior caused you to cry. You now have a fear of cats. The CR is this.
What is your fear today?
400
Paychecks work on this schedule - every two weeks I get one.
What is a fixed interval schedule?
400
When I first start teaching about a concept, I'll praise any answer that is close to the right answer.
What is Operant Conditioning (or shaping)?
400
While the family is out, the dog jumps up on the table and eats an entire box of fine chocolate truffles that the owner’s uncle had brought. A few hours later, the dog is violently ill all over the owner’s bed. The dog sniffs at food on the table after that doesn’t take any of it.
What is positive punishment?
400
I get points when I buy groceries at Kroger, and these points can be used for discounts on gas and other items. In conditioning terms, this is what the point system is called.
What is a token economy?
500
As a child, you were playing in the yard one day when a neighbor’s cat wandered over. Your mother (who has a fear of cats) screamed and snatched you into her arms. Her behavior caused you to cry. You now have a fear of cats. The UR is this.
What is your crying?
500
This schedule of reinforcement produces the most effective learning.
What is a variable ratio schedule?
500
My grandmother used to spray the cat with water whenever the cat would scratch her. Now the cat runs whenever she sees a spray bottle.
What is Operant Conditioning (or avoidance learning)?
500
A non-profit organization sends free address labels with their solicitation to a postal costumer. The recipient keeps and uses the labels but doesn’t donate any money to cause. He checks further solicitations for more labels.
What is positive reinforcement?
500
This type of reinforcer is not based on material rewards, but rather on internal sense of pride and accomplishment.