Genetic Basis
What is a hybrid?
The offspring of parents from 2 different species.
What does FAP stand for?
Fixed action patterns.
What does associative learning mean?
Learning through linking events.
What is migration?
Moving from one place to another.
What is another way to describe copying.
Imitation.
What nesting behaviour did hybrid lovebirds have?
They displayed a mixture of nesting habits of the 2 parent species.
What improved over time for the laughing gull chicks and why?
Their pecking accuracy due to learning through practice.
What is classical conditioning?
This is the method of modifying behaviour by creating an association between two different types of stimuli.
What does navigate mean?
Plan and direct a route to travel by.
What is problem solving learning called?
Insight learning.
Why did inland garter snakes not eat slugs?
They couldn't detect them as they didn't have the correct receptor cells.
What does imprinting mean?
Offspring identify with the first moving object they see.
What is operant conditioning?
This is a method of modifying behaviour by strengthening the stimulus - response connection.
Name three species that migrate.
Birds, turtles, whales, fish, butterflies, elephants
How have chimpanzees demonstrated insight learning?
They learned to stack boxes to reach bananas.
What is the name of the gene that causes nurturing behaviour in mice?
fosB
What does habituation mean?
It is a form of learning where the organism learns to reduce its response to a stimulus.
Giving a child a reward for good behaviour is what kind of conditioning?
Operant conditioning
What do scientists think that birds use to navigate?
The sun, stars, the Earth's magnetic field, environmental clues.
How have ravens demonstrated insight learning?
They learned how to pull up a string with meat on it so they could eat it.
What is responsible for the egg laying behaviour in marine snails?
Egg-laying hormone (ELH)
What does sensitive period mean?
It is the period of time in which learning a particular skill can occur.
What kind of conditioning is playing math games with small children?
Classical conditioning - they will associate math with fun.
What happened to the birds that were captured and released off-route in Switzerland?
The experienced birds found their way to UK while the younger birds got lost and ended up in Spain.
Give an example of an animal that learned to plan ahead.
Sea otters save rocks, chimpanzees save sticks.