The two directions that behaviour change can occur in.
What is...
Increasing behaviour (skill acquisition) or decreasing behaviour (behaviour reduction)
Practitioners should consider these types of target behaviours for assessment.
What are...
Socially significant behaviours
If I go into a home to conduct an assessment and ask the parents to set up the kitchen in a certain way when assessing cooking skills, I am conducting this type of observation.
What is...
A structured observation
Writing my name on a piece of paper leaves this.
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A permanent product
This measure of repeatability requires data to be reported within a given time period.
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Rate or frequency
The assessment procedures that are used to gather information about behaviour, without observing it directly.
What is...
Indirect assessment
This term indicates that goals that are socially significant for one person may not be as relevant or significant to the next person.
What is...
An individualized goalI could be measuring one of these two dimensions of behaviour if I am timing something for my data collection.
What is...
Temporal extent or locus
This type of behaviour can only be recorded via permanent product if the permanent product is created independent of the behaviour happening by itself (e.g., recording a video).
What is...
A transitory behaviour
The duration per session data point is this if I have collected the following duration per occurrence data: 30 seconds, 2 minutes, 5.5 minutes, and 45 seconds.
What is...
8 minutes and 45 seconds
When conducting an initial intake interview with a caregiver, this is an important thing to foster with that person to ensure the information you are collecting is accurate and complete.
What is...
Rapport/trust
These represent two things that should NOT appear in an operational definition.
What are...
1. Subjective labels2. Statements about the absence of behaviour ("not" statements)
These four characteristics represent what we are aiming for with data collection systems in ABA.
What is...
Empiricism, determinism, replication, and analytical
Measuring this type of behaviour using the repeatability dimension would give us inaccurate, invalid data.
What is...
A continuous behaviour
I am using this type of interval recording if I mark an interval as occurring if the behaviour happens once, three times, or thirty times within the recording interval.
What is...
Partial-interval recording
Assessment often revolves around identifying patterns between these two things.
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Behaviour and environment
Clear operational definitions are important to help get everyone on the same page about data collection. This helps to ensure that this characteristic of measurement is met.
What is...
Reliability
If I measure behaviour indirectly, or during irrelevant time periods, I am possibly impacting this important characteristic of a measurement system.
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Validity
Using a measurement system based on temporal extent would produce the same duration data each time recording occurred for this type of behaviour.
What is...
A discrete behaviour
These three things could impact someone while collecting data, impacting the validity of that data.
HINT: reactivity is not one of the three!
What is...
Measurement complexity
Observational bias
Observer awareness
This type of assessment focuses on diagnosis and categorizing individuals via norms, which is different from the assessment that a behaviour analyst would conduct.
What is...
A psychological assessment
An operational definition includes a label for the behaviour, a specific definition of the behaviour, non-examples that shouldn't be included in data collection, and this description of the different forms that the behaviour can take.
What are...
Possible variations
If I am interested in knowing how frequently my client sticks out their tongue at their teacher, to ensure my measurement is valid, I should target this dimension of behaviour.
What is...
Repeatability
A complete record of the occurrences of the target behaviour is not produced when using systems defined as this.
What is...
Discontinuous measurement
Inter-observer agreement calculations, in general, are improved when calculations are completed within these vs. across the combined data collected for one session.
What are...
Intervals