Guidelines That Actually Change Practice
Which international consensus meeting provides guidance on early breast cancer systemic therapy every two years?
St Gallen International Breast Cancer Consensus.
A phase III trial that established adjuvant abemaciclib + endocrine therapy for high-risk node-positive HR+/HER2- early breast cancer, with later analyses showing an overall survival signal.
The MonarchE trial.
An imaging used for the detection of estrogen receptor (ER)-positive lesions as an adjunct to biopsy in patients with recurrent or metastatic breast cancer.
18F-fluoroestradiol (FES) PET (Cerianna).
An acquired mutation leading to resistance to aromatase inhibitors in metastatic HR+ breast cancer.
ESR1 mutation.
Which trial established safety criteria for sentinel lymph node biopsy after neoadjuvant therapy?
ACOSOG Z1071 (Alliance) clinical trial.
Which guideline focuses specifically on management principles for advanced and metastatic breast cancer?
The ABC8 Guidelines.
This trial evaluated adjuvant Ribociclib for three years in stage II–III HR+/HER2- early breast cancer.
The NATALEE trial.
Recent studies suggest that this imaging technique may approach MRI sensitivity while offering lower cost and wider accessibility in staging and high-risk screening of breast cancer.
Contrast-Enhanced Mammography.
Why is ctDNA-guided treatment escalation in early breast cancer not standard of care despite high prognostic value?
The lack of evidence that intervention based on ctDNA improves outcomes.
A patient initially node-positive becomes clinically node-negative after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. What axillary approach minimizes false-negative rate?
Dual-tracer sentinel lymph node biopsy with retrieval of ≥3 nodes including clipped node.
According to St. Gallen 2025, in early HR+/HER2− breast cancer, genomic assays and tumor biology are considered more informative than which traditional classification system alone?
TNM staging system.
In updated analyses, the benefit of adjuvant abemaciclib was shown to be independent of this marker:
Ki-67.
A trial that studied ONE week VS THREE weeks adjuvant radiotherapy for early breast cancer disease.
The FAST-FORWARD trial.
What is the BURGER trial?
BONUS question
Which recent trial supports active surveillance rather than immediate surgery in selected low-risk ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS)?
The COMET trial.
Which trial studied the use of neoadjuvant chemotherapy combined with Pembrolizumab in early triple negative breast cancer?
Keynote-522 trial.
What CDK4/6 inhibitor is most commonly associated with early-onset diarrhea as its dose-limiting toxicity?
Abemaciclib.
What does AI-CAD stand for?
AI-assisted computer-aided detection for screening mammography to improve cancer detection rates without increasing recall
In metastatic breast cancer, why is liquid biopsy sometimes preferred over single-site tissue biopsy?
Spatial tumor heterogeneity across metastatic sites.
The most controversial question in modern locoregional radiotherapy management is whether de-escalation risks the undertreatment of which outcome?
Long-term local recurrence.