Gilded Age
The idea that government should not interfere with business practices.
Laissez-Faire
Roosevelt’s term for crusading journalists of the time period who sought to bring about reform in American society, industry, and politics.
Muckrakers
Promoted by William Randolph Hearst and Joseph Pulitzer as a type of journalism meant to elicit a response, even if the information was not totally accurate.
Yellow Journalism
Name for the Stock Market Crash of 1929
Black Tuesday
Muckraker known for trying to expose injustice in the government and big business through his writing. Wrote "The Jungle" which led to exposing the meat packing industry and led to the Pure Food and Drug Act as well as the Meat Inspection Act.
Upton Sinclair
Outlawed business monopolies, but was not very effective at limiting the power of big business.
Sherman Antitrust Act
Established direct election of United States Senators by popular vote.
17th Amendment
Policy that the Roosevelt Corollary built off of which stated that further efforts by European nations to colonize land or interfere with states in North or South America would be viewed as acts of aggression, requiring U.S. intervention.
Monroe Doctrine
Term used to describe the area of the Great Plains where heavy droughts and had dried up the farmland.
Dust Bowl
Founder of the Women's Christian Temperance Union and instrumental in organizing the Prohibition party.
Frances Willard
Was the first inexpensive industrial process for the mass-production of steel from molten iron prior to the open hearth furnace.
Bessemer Process
Procedure by which voters can vote for a proposed initiative on a ballot.
Referendum
Rallying cry for United States intervention in Cuba
"Remember the Maine"
Was the popular name for shanty towns built by homeless people during the Great Depression. Named for the president at the time, who was widely blamed for the Great Depression.
Hoovervilles
Captured the plight of many Americans whose lives had been crushed by the Dust Bowl and Great Depression in the book, The Grapes of Wrath.
John Steinbeck
Ensured that appointments to government jobs were based upon merit and qualifications. It was designed to prevent the “spoils system” and patronage.
Pendleton Service Act
Roosevelt’s political party in the election of 1912.
Bull Moose Party
President Wilson’s proposal for peace after WWI.
Fourteen Points
The most important act of the New Deal. Provides unemployment insurance, aid to the disabled, old age pensions, and insurance for families.
Social Security Act
Congressional Medal of Honor winner for his actions in the Battle of Argonne Forest in WW1. When members of his group were unable to proceed, he continued to attack the Germans by himself, killing 17 through sniper fire, then 7 by pistol.
Alvin York
Political scandal involving “Boss” William Marcy Tweed and the Tammany Hall machine in New York City. Played a major role in controlling New York City and New York State politics and helped immigrants, most notably the Irish, rise up in American politics from the 1790s to the 1960s.
Tweed Ring Scandal
Symbol of the American Dream for immigrants, designed by French artist Frédéric Auguste Bartholdi.
Statue of Liberty
Act passed during WW1 in an effort to silence anti-war protests that stifled freedom of speech.
Sedition Act of 1918
Public works program that gave jobs to young men.
The workers planted trees, fought forest fires, and built public parks.
Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC)
U.S. Senator who opposed the League of Nations. Demanded Congressional control of declarations of war.
Henry Cabot Lodge