Text Structure
This structure presents the relationship between a specific event, or idea and the events that follow it.
Cause and Effect
What is the Central Idea of the text?
The Artificial Lights that humans flood the world with affects the functions of people, animals and plants alike
True or False: Central Idea is always obvious and explicitly stated by the author
False. Sometimes it is implied
What is the difference between an analogy and a simile/metaphor?
Similes/metaphors compare two things but do not explain. Analogies show how two things are alike, but also explain/make a point
Giving life like qualities to inanimate objects
Personification
In this text structure, the author talks about one thing in great detail
Description
How does the author prove that light pollution is a real problem?
The author brings in expert's insights and scientific studies
What is the difference between Central Idea and Theme?
Central idea is the main point an author is making. Theme is a moral, message or lesson learned about life
Why is making comparisons important?
It enables you to see familiar things in new ways
What is the definition of Ad Hominem?
Attacking the person directly instead of the argument they are making
How does text structure contribute to author's purpose?
Text structure (The way author's organize their writing) helps readers understand the information better and the point the author is trying to make
What text structure does the author use?
Problem and solution
3 things to look for when identifying Central Idea
1. Topic of the passage
2. Author's central idea about topic
3. Info the author uses to help develop this idea (stats, facts, etc.)
What does this analogy tell us: “What you’re doing is as useful as rearranging deck chairs on the Titanic.”
It tells us that the first task is useless—by comparing it to a similarly useless task, such as rearranging deck chairs on a ship that famously sank into the sea
Scenes that show an event that happened in a character’s past, providing clues to the present story
Flashback
When students read or write a text with this structure, order is key
Sequence
She uses anecdotes (personal stories) about an earthquake in 1994 to hook the reader
Difference between topic and central idea
Topic:The general subject of a paragraph or essay
Central idea: What the author wants you to know about the topic
Comparisons and analogies are rarely used in real life
False you dorks. We use them everyday, sometimes without thinking about it
Difference between Mood vs. Tone
Mood:the way a piece of writing makes a reader feel.
Tone: the author’s attitude
What role do sentences play in a paragraph?
Sentences in a paragraph develop and refine, or explain more completely, a key concept about the text's topic
What is the author's attitude toward light pollution?
The author is optimistic. She tells us how light disrupts the function of humans and animals, but is ultimately a problem we can fix.
The central idea is always directly stated in the beginning of a text
False
Why analyze comparisons and analogies in a text?
You can uncover additional layers of meaning in the author's writing
An argument that jumps to the worst possible scenario immediately
Slippery Slope Fallacy