Benchmark Tic Tac Toe

Characteristics of life

100

What does biology mean?

The Scientific study of life. 

200

What does Metabolism?

The combination of chemical reactions through which an organism builds up or breaks down materials. 

300

What does Homeostasis mean?

The tendency toward a relatively stable equilibrium between interdependent elements, especially as maintained by physiological processes. 

400

What does Stimulus mean?

A thing or event that evokes a specific functional reaction in an organ or tissue.

500

What does DNA mean?

A self-replicating material that is present in nearly all living organisms as the main constituent of chromosomes. It is the carrier of genetic information.

Biochemistry

100

What is a Carbohydrate? 

 Carbohydrates are sugar molecules. Along with proteins and fats, carbohydrates are one of three main nutrients found in foods and drinks. Your body breaks down carbohydrates into glucose. Glucose, or blood sugar, is the main source of energy for your body's cells, tissues, and organs.

200

What is a Lipid? 

Lipids are fatty, waxy, or oily compounds that are soluble in organic solvents and insoluble in polar solvents such as water. Lipids include: Fats and oils (triglycerides)

300

What is a Protein? 

Proteins are large, complex molecules that play many critical roles in the body. They do most of the work in cells and are required for the structure, function, and regulation of the body's tissues and organs

400

What are Nucleic acids?

A complex organic substance present in living cells, especially DNA or RNA, whose molecules consist of many nucleotides linked in a long chain.

500

What is a monomer?

A small chemical unit that makes up a polymer.

Cell History & Organelles

100

Who was Anton van Leeuwenhoek?

Leeuwenhoek is universally acknowledged as the father of microbiology. He discovered both protists and bacteria. More than being the first to see this unimagined world of 'animalcules', he was the first even to think of looking—certainly, the first with the power to see.

200

What is the function of the Cytoskeleton?

The cytoskeleton carries out three broad functions: it spatially organizes the contents of the cell; it connects the cell physically and biochemically to the external environment; and it generates coordinated forces that enable the cell to move and change shape.

300

Who was Zacharias Janssen? 

A Dutch father-son team named Hans and Zacharias Janssen invented the first so-called compound microscope in the late 16th century when they discovered that, if they put a lens at the top and bottom of a tube and looked through it, objects on the other end became magnified.

400

What is the function of the cell membrane?

The cell membrane, also called the plasma membrane, is found in all cells and separates the interior of the cell from the outside environment. The cell membrane consists of a lipid bilayer that is semipermeable. The cell membrane regulates the transport of materials entering and exiting the cell.

500

Who was Robert Hooke?

Hooke had discovered plant cells -- more precisely, what Hooke saw were the cell walls in cork tissue. In fact, it was Hooke who coined the term "cells": the boxlike cells of cork reminded him of the cells of a monastery. Hooke also reported seeing similar structures in wood and in other plants.

Cell membrane & specialized cells

100

What is a Channel protein?

The main purpose of a channel protein is to transport the ions and water molecules quickly through the membrane. Channel proteins are transmembrane proteins, which are involved in the movement of substance both entry and exit in the cell. They transport substances without binding to them and without spending energy.

200

What is Xylem?

The vascular tissue in plants that conducts water and dissolved nutrients upward from the root and also helps to form the woody element in the stem.

300

What is a stem cell?

An undifferentiated cell of a multicellular organism which is capable of giving rise to indefinitely more cells of the same type, and from which certain other kinds of cell arise by differentiation.

400

What is Phloem?

The vascular tissue in plants that conducts sugars and other metabolic products downward from the leaves.

500

What are Muscle Cells?

Muscle cells, commonly known as myocytes, are the cells that make up muscle tissue. Skeletal muscle cells are long, cylindrical, multi-nucleated and striated.