People and Powers
He hosted and chaired the Berlin Conference as Chancellor of Germany.
Who is Otto von Bismarck?
This German city hosted the conference from November 1884 to February 1885.
What is Berlin, Germany?
This 1884–1885 meeting established rules for European trade and territorial claims in Africa.
What is the Berlin Conference?
These political divisions were strongly influenced by European colonial claims and often ignored existing African communities.
What were colonial borders?
Otto von Bismarck hosted the Berlin Conference as Chancellor of this country.
What is Germany?
This Belgian king established personal control over the Congo Free State.
Who is King Lepold II?
This continent was discussed at the conference even though its peoples were not meaningfully represented.
What is Africa?
The Berlin Conference ended in February of this year.
What is 1885?
People protested to this benefit of colonization because it was believed to destroy social traditions.
What was European education?
This African country successfully resisted an Italian invasion under Menelik II.
What was Ethiopia?
King Leopold II employed this explorer to help establish his claims in the Congo region.
Who is Henry Morton Stanley?
The General Act supported free navigation and trade along these two major African rivers.
What are Niger and Congo rivers?
The Berlin Conference began in November of this year.
What is 1884?
Missionary activity and colonial education sometimes attempted to replace local beliefs with this European religion.
What was Christianity?
This European power established a protectorate in the territory that later became the Republic of the Congo.
What is France?
This French explorer helped establish French influence north of the Congo River, and Brazzaville was named after him.
Who was Pierre de Brazza?
Before the Scramble for Africa accelerated, European control was concentrated mainly in these areas.
What were the coastal regions of Africa?
By this year, European powers controlled most of Africa, with Ethiopia and Liberia remaining notable exceptions.
What is 1914?
European imperialists frequently claimed that they had a duty to do this to African peoples.
What was “to civilize” them?
A European power announces a territorial claim but has no soldiers, government or economic presence there. Which principle has it failed to satisfy?
What is effective occupation?
No representatives from this continent were meaningfully included in decisions about its territories.
What was Africa?
Brazzaville became the capital of this present-day African country.
What is the Republic of the Congo?
This principle required a European power to demonstrate actual authority over a territory before its claim could be recognized.
What was effective occupation?
This ideology created and justified unequal treatment based on supposed racial differences.
What is racism?
This European power maintained colonial control over Mozambique.
What is Portugal?