The Wampanoag Before 1621
The Wampanoag Confederation's political leader was called:
A. Chief Governor
B.Sachem
C.Sagamore General
D. Tribal Captain
B. Sachem
A sachem was a political and diplomatic leader chosen through community respect and lineage — not a “chief” in the Hollywood sense.
The ship that arrived in 1620 was:
A. Discovery • B. Mayflower • C. Providence • D. Fortuna
B. Mayflower
The Mayflower was never meant for passengers — it was a cargo ship pressed into service.
The Wampanoag came to the 1621 event because they heard:
A. Music • B. Gunfire • C. Drumming • D. Invitation
B. Gunfire
They feared an English military action and arrived prepared for defense.
The 1994 genocide killing 800,000 people occurred in:
A. Cambodia • B. Rwanda • C. Bosnia • D. Myanmar
B. Rwanda
Most victims were Tutsi, murdered in just about 100 days — one of the fastest genocides in history.
The war that devastated tribes a generation after 1621:
A. Pequot War • B. King Philip’s War • C. Beaver Wars • D. Seven Years’ War
B. King Phillip's War
This was one of the deadliest wars per capita in U.S. history.
Wampanoag dwellings of wooden frames and mats were called:
A. Longhouses
B. Wigwams
C. Wetu
D. Huts
C. Wetu
A wetu could house multiple family members and stayed warm in winter thanks to layered reed mats.
The English settled on this abandoned Wampanoag village:
A. Nauset • B. Mashpee • C. Patuxet • D. Aquinnah
C. Patuxet
Patuxet’s population had been wiped out by disease shortly before the English arrived.
Pilgrim outfits with buckles are examples of:
A. Artistic license • B. Puritan accuracy • C. Romanticized mythmaking • D. Fashion history
C. Puritan accuracy
Buckles were expensive and rare; the imagery is a Victorian invention.
The Cambodian genocide was carried out by:
A. Taliban • B. Khmer Rouge • C. Ba’ath Party • D. Red Guard
B. Khmer Rouge
The Khmer Rouge killed nearly 2 million people in an attempt to create an agrarian utopia.
Claiming land was “unused” is called:
A. Manifest Destiny • B. Divine Right • C. Terra nullius • D. Colonial prerogative
C. Terra nullius
This doctrine justified taking Indigenous homelands worldwide.
The Wampanoag’s seasonal movement following food sources was:
A. Great Migration
B. Seasonal Round
C. Harvest Cycle
D. Nomadic Rotation
B. Seasonal Round
This cycle reflected deep knowledge of ecosystems, ensuring sustainable harvesting.
The Wampanoag leader who allied with the English was:
A. Metacom • B. Tisquantum • C. Squanto • D. Massasoit
D. Massasoit
Massasoit’s decision was strategic — he hoped the English could help protect against rival groups.
Feel-good Thanksgiving stories harmfully:
A. Teach gratitude • B. Erase Indigenous experiences • C. Encourage cooking • D. Promote multiculturalism
B. Erase Indigenous experiences
These myths erase the violence and displacement that followed colonization
The 1995 Srebrenica massacre is recognized as:
A. A civil dispute • B. Genocide • C. A military accident • D. A territorial conflict
B. Genocide
It is the worst mass killing in Europe since World War II.
Enslavement, displacement, and mass killing are aspects of:
A. Cultural conflict • B. Miscommunication • C. Genocide • D. Maritime law
C. Genocide
Genocide includes not only killing but the destruction of cultures and communities.
European diseases that devastated Indigenous populations were known as:
A. Native Fevers
B. Colonial Colds
C. Virgin-soil epidemics
D. Old World Plagues
B. Colonial Colds
These epidemics hit communities with no prior exposure, killing over 90% in some regions.
Despite myths, the English ultimately came seeking:
A. Religious artifacts • B. Land • C. Trade routes • D. Gold
B. Land
The idea that they came strictly for religious freedom oversimplifies their colonial aims.
The Wampanoag helped the English farm to:
A. Create friendships
B. Impress Spain
C. Meet spiritual obligations
D. Ensure survival
D. Ensure survival
Helping the English was a political calculation, not an act of charity.
The Rohingya genocide began in this country:
A. India • B. Thailand • C. Myanmar • D. Malaysia
C. Myanmar
Over a million Rohingya fled to Bangladesh to escape military violence.
Indigenous captives were often sold into slavery in:
A. Canada • B. The Caribbean • C. England • D. France
B. The Caribbean
This practice is rarely taught in U.S. schools despite being common in the 1600s.
Wampanoag spirituality emphasized:
A. Competitive dominance
B. Human superiority
C. Relational reciprocity
D. Material wealth
C. Relational reciprocity
Wampanoag beliefs were rooted in mutual responsibility between people and the natural world.
English vs. Wampanoag land views differed because the Wampanoag practiced:
A. Land as alive; English saw property
B. Both saw land as private
C. Farming-only land use
D. Communal stewardship
D. Communal Stewardship
Wampanoag land was shared and used responsibly, not owned individually.
“Pilgrim and Indian” stories are part of:
A. Settler-colonial storytelling • B. Puritan folklore • C. Maritime legends • D. Seasonal myths
A. Settler-colonial storytelling
This storytelling centers settlers and erases Indigenous perspectives.
The genocide beginning in 1915 targeted Armenians under the:
A. Byzantine Empire • B. Ottoman Empire • C. Russian Empire • D. Greek Kingdom
B. Ottoman Empire
Scholars estimate 1.2–1.5 million Armenians were deported or killed.
Thanksgiving mythmaking served as early colonial:
A. Training • B. Diplomacy • C. Folk entertainment • D. Narrative erasure
D. Narrative erasure
Controlling the narrative allowed settlers to justify colonization.