Nutrients
These are the 3 types of nutrients that supply energy to an animal
What are carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids?
The large intestine is also called by this name
What is the colon?
The epiglottis is important because of this reason
What is the epiglottis folds over the larynx, which leads to the trachea and keeps swallowed food from entering the lungs?
These make up 99% of cells in the blood – common name and fancy name
What are red blood cells or erythrocytes?
These are the specific type of blood vessels that carry oxygen rich blood to the heart
What are the pulmonary veins?
These are the subunits of proteins used to construct new proteins
What are amino acids
This type of molecule breaks down fats into fatty acids and glycerol
What is lipase (enzyme)?
These are at least 3 functions of the salivary glands (saliva)
1. Adding amylase - breaks down starches into sugars
2. Adding bacteria-killing enzymes and antibodies
3. Lubricating food to ease with swallowing
4. Exposing food molecules to taste buds on tongue which helps to identify the type and quality of food
These are the type of white blood cell recycle old red blood cells
What are macrophages?
This type of valve prevents blood from flowing into the atria when ventricles contract
What are atrioventricular valves?
These are the nutrients that can only be obtained through the diet or dissolved in water
What are minerals?
This is the ring of muscle tissue that prevents material from the stomach from returning to the esophagus
What is the lower esophageal sphincter?
These are the 3 organs that produce and secrete digestive enzymes or bile into the small intestine
What are the liver (gall bladder), pancreas and small intestine?
This is the type of feedback system that regulates the volume of red blood cells in the circulatory system
What is a negative feedback system?
This is the location of the heart’s natural pacemaker
What is the upper wall of the right atrium?
This is the type of solution all chemical reactions in the body take place in (what is the solvent)
What is water?
This is the organ where most digestion of food occurs and where most nutrients are absorbed
What is the small intestine?
These are at least 2 of the several reasons the microbiome is so important
1.consume unabsorbed nutrients and synthesize vitamins
2.help control immune responses, prevent some disease-causing bacteria from establishing themselves, and release cancer-fighting
3.help absorb vitamins, leftover water, and salts
Red blood cells are this color when carrying carbon dioxide
What is bluish?
This heart chamber pumps blood through the aorta to the body
What is the left ventricle?
These are amino acids humans cannot synthesize and can only be obtained through the diet
What are essential amino acids?
1.This is what the projections into the lining of the small intestine are called and
2.This is what the hair likeprojections on each epithelial cell are called
3.And this is the reason for these projections
What are:Villi (1), Microvilli (2), & To increase surface area for absorption (3)?
This is how the acidic chime gets neutralized as it enters the duodenum of the small intestine
What is the pancreas produces pancreatic juice which contains sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) which is released into the duodenum just as the chyme enters?
Nutrients and gases are exchanged through this type of blood vessel only
What are capillaries?
This is a measure of the blood pressure ventricle contractions produce
What is the systolic pressure?