Natural Selection/Pop Gen
In a population of anteaters, there is variation in nose length. If 35% of the variation is due to food availability, what is the heritability value for nose length?
h2= 0.65
Crocodiles and hippos both have eyes on top of their heads despite not having a close ancestor. Is this homoplasy or homology? Explain how this works.
Homoplasy. Crocodiles and hippos live in similar environments and have similar behaviors and both evolved this trait.
A population of armadillos has been growing exponentially for one year. Initially, there were 10 individuals, now there are 25. How many individuals will there be after 5 years since the start?
98 armadillos
How many of her own daughters would a worker bee need to raise to get the same fitness benefit as raising 7 of her sisters with the same father?
11 daughters
A landslide occurs in the middle of a valley, separating a species of grass that grows on both slopes. This grass eventually evolves to become two different species. What mode of speciation is this?
Describe the differences between k-selected and r-selected species and the role they play in succession.
K selected species have long life spans, low death rate, few reproductive events, extensive parental care, and maintain populations around carrying capacity. R selected species have short life spans, high death rate, many reproductive events, no parental care, and experience exponential growth. R selected species are usually considered early succession species, and K selected late successional.
What are the conditions necessary for a population to be in Hardy-Weinburg equilibrium and what are the possible forces that would disturb equilibrium?
There are no evolutionary forces acting on the population and mating is random. Natural selection, genetic drift, migration, bottlenecks, etc would disturb equilibrium.
Define pre-zygotic isolating mechanism and give 3 examples.
Something that prevents zygote from forming between two individuals. Habitat, mechanical, temporal, gametic, behavioral
Bobcats and coyotes both eat squirrels.
A) What is the interaction from the predator to the squirrel called?
B) What type of competition is occurring between the bobcat and coyote?
A) consumption
B) exploitative competition
The phenotype for hair type in dogs displays codominance. 14 dogs have curly hair (CC), 25 dogs have wavy hair (CS), and 11 dogs have straight hair (SS). Is the population in Hardy-Weinburg equilibrium?
yes, all expected and genotype frequencies are equal
Explain the principal of parsimony.
The most likely or pattern is the one that implies the least amount of change.
Describe the differences in r values between exponential and logistic growth
Exponential: r remains constant
Logistic: r is largest when population size is low and smallest at the carrying capacity