Macromolecule Structure
Macromolecule Function
Cells
Anaerobic Cellular Respiration
Aerobic Cellular Respiration
100
Which side shows a saturated fatty acid?
Saturated is on the left
100
DNA ligase connects existing DNA fragments. Is this a hydrolysis or dehydration reaction?
Dehydration
100
Which of the following are NOT prokaryotes:
1. Bacteria
2. Fungi
3. Protista
4. Archaea
2 and 3
100
True or False: Pyruvate Processing occurs in anaerobic respiration
False
100
List the four steps of aerobic respiration in order. Which occur in the mitochondria?
Glycolysis, pyruvate processing, kreb's cycle, oxidative phosphorylation
200
What is this? (name and type of macromolecule)
Glucose (Carb), linear form
200
What is the function of the following molecule?
Membrane structure (phospholipid bilayer)
200
Which of the following letters points to where information is stored? Which points to where energy is made?
info = B
energy = A
200
Where does anaerobic cellular respiration take place?
In the cytoplasm
200
Which reactant becomes reduced in the following reaction?
C6H12O6 + 6O2 -> 6CO2 + 6H2O + ATP
Oxygen
300
Which number denotes a peptide bond? Which letter denotes an R group?
Peptide bond = 1
R group = C
300
What causes the leveling off in the following graph of an enzymes rate of reaction?
The enzyme's active site becomes saturated with the substrate
300
What is the difference between a free and a bound ribosome?
free ribosomes = cytosol, proteins for cytoplasm, nucleus, mitochondria, or chloroplasts
bound ribosomes = rough ER, proteins for endomembrane system
300
Does anaerobic or aerobic respiration produce less CO2?
Anaerobic (only two)
300
Which steps in aerobic respiration produce CO2?
Pyruvate processing (2) & Kreb's cycle (4)
400
Which levels of protein folding can you see in the image?
Secondary, tertiary, quaternary
400
What causes the increase and decrease in enzyme activity in regards to temperature?
Increases at first due to increased speed of atoms = more likely to encounter enzyme.
Decreases after optimal temperature due to denaturing of the protein
400
What does the cell on the left produce a lot of? What kind of cell might it be?
lipids! (made in the smooth ER). Sebaceous cell, adrenal cell, fat cell, liver cell, etc.
400
How are the outputs of lactic acid fermentation and alcohol fermentation different?
Lactic acid = lactate
Alcohol = ethanol & CO2
400
What will happen to the levels of NADH and FADH2 if the electron transport chain breaks down?
Both will increase
500
What is this? (name, type of macromolecule)
Peptidoglycan, carbohydrate in sheet with peptide bonds
500
What is the function of the following molecule?
Cholesterol = precursor for steroids and cell membrane structure
500
What does the cell on the left have a lot of? What kind of cell might it be?
Lysosomes. White blood cell, immune cell
500
What are the final inputs and outputs of glycolysis?
Inputs: 2 ADP, 2 NAD+, glucose
Outputs: 2 ATP, 2 NADH, 2 Pyruvate
500
Place the following steps of the ETC in order:
A. NADH is oxidized
B. Water is produced
C. FADH2 is oxidized
D. ATP synthase produces ATP
A, C, B, D
(NADH oxidized, FADH2 oxidized, water produced, ATP produced)