0 seconds to 3 minutes
3 minutes - 380,000 years
100 million years
9 billion years
Today - Future
Big Bang Evidence
Redshift Blueshift
100
During the Big Bang event some of the energy was converted into this.
What is matter?
100
From three seconds to 380,000 years the universe is continuing to expand. As a result of the expansion these three factors changed dramatically.
What are density, volume (size) and temperature?
100
From 380,000 to 200,000,000 years ago the universe continued to expand, cool, and get less dense. There were huge clouds of hydrogen gas with a little bit of helium throughout the universe. This force brought the clouds of mostly hydrogen gas together.
What is gravity?
100
About 9 billion years ago this event was happening within the universe. Hint: you live in it and it has a supermassive black hole in the center.
What is the formation of the milky way?
100
The temperature in the universe is this compared to the earlier universe.
What is colder?
100
These are the four evidences for the Big Bang Theory.
What is:
e = mc2
Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation
Hubble's Law
Red Shift of Galaxies and Cosmic Orange Background Radiation
100
The middle spectrum below is of an element as measured in the lab. This can be said about the other two spectra taken from galaxies. Make sure to reference direction of travel.
What is:
1. redshifted and moving away from us?
2. blueshifted and moving towards us?
200
Three of the conditions within the early universe were...
What is hot, dense, small, expanding, murky, and violent?
200
The temperature of the universe from 3 minutes to 380,000 years ago did this.
What is decrease?
200
When gravity brought these huge clouds of mostly hydrogen together they started to heat up. At about 200 million years these started to light up throughout the universe.
What are the first stars?
200
9 billion years ago the universe was still getting bigger and bigger. As a result of this growth the temperature was doing this.
What is getting colder and colder?
200
The universe is expanding at this rate compared to the earlier universe.
What is greater?
200
Energy and Matter are essentially the same thing. These early events in the universe are supported by this idea derived by Albert Einstein.
(There are 2 questions to ask.)
What is:
energy to matter and matter to energy?
matter/anti-matter annihilation?
What is:
e = mc2 ?
200
The middle spectrum below is of an element as measured in the lab. This can be said about the other two spectra taken from galaxies. Make sure to reference direction of travel.
What is:
1. blueshifted and moving toward from us?
2. redshifted and moving towards us?
300
This was the first force to emerge after the Big Bang. Careful, you might trip and fall because of this force.
What is gravity?
300
The volume of the universe from 3 minutes to 380,000 years did this.
What is increase?
300
Stars and galaxies did not form everywhere in the universe. Gravity acted upon the the clouds of mostly hydrogen to form webs of gas that were ready to form into stars and eventually galaxies. Between these webs were massive voids that were mostly this.
What is empty space?
300
After 9 billion years this star formed.
What is the sun?
300
This is one condition that the future universe will experience.
What is cold, dark, expanding?
300
Current measurements of the ratios of elements in the universe suggest that Hydrogen makes up 75% of the total, Helium makes up 24.99% and all the rest of the elements make up less than 1% of the total number of elements. This supports the Big Bang Theory because the only elements that entered the early universe were these.
What are:
Hydrogen (75%), Helium (24.99%) and Lithium (<1%)?
(Maybe Beryllium)
300
The bottom spectrum is the reference laboratory spectra of an element. This can be said about the rest of the spectra taken from galaxies. Make sure to reference, comparative distance away, direction of travel and speed of movement.
What is they are all redshifted and moving away? The top spectra is moving away the fastest and is therefore the furthest galaxy away.
400
Matter was forming, but we wouldn't call it elements yet. These are the subatomic particles that did form though.
What are protons, neutrons and electrons?
400
The density of the universe from 3 minutes to 380,000 years did this.
What is decrease?
400
The universe was continuing to expand due to this unexplained type of energy.
What is dark energy?
400
After 9 billion years this star system formed with the Milky Way Galaxy.
What is the Solar System?
400
As the universe ages distant galaxies will be moving away from the Milky Way very fast and cause a large this, which means the wavelength of light is stretched as it moves from the source of the light to our galaxy. Think of a siren.
What is redshift?
400
One of the evidences of the Big Bang Theory is Hubble's Law, which states this.
The universe is expanding and further objects are moving away faster than closer objects.
400
The middle spectrum is the reference laboratory spectra of an element. This can be said about the rest of the spectra taken from galaxies. Make sure to reference comparative distance away from us, direction of travel and speed of movement.
Top 2 are redshifted and moving away.
The top spectra is moving away faster and is further away.
The bottom 2 are blueshifted and moving towards.
The bottom spectra is moving faster and is closer.
500
During the first second of the big bang there was a war between two types of stuff. One of them, matter, eventually won. The other was...
What is antimatter?
500
When the universe was approximately 380,000 years old a bright light was emitted throughout the entire universe. This light today is seen as the Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation. This was caused by electrons attaching to the protons and neutrons in nuclei and formed the first elements. Two of these first elements were...
What is Hydrogen, Helium and Lithium?
500
Hubble's law states that as you look at galaxies that are further and further away, their recessional velocities are getting faster and faster. A galaxy that is twice as far away is moving twice as fast. A galaxy that is three times as far away is moving this.
What is three times as fast?
500
At the end of 9 billion years the sun and earth had formed, the universe was still increasing in size and according to Hubble's Law the universe was getting bigger at this rate.
What is a greater rate?
500
There will be galaxies of these in the far, far future of the universe, but even they will eventually evaporate, after 1047 year.
What are black holes?
500
Redshift is a primary tool used by scientists to measure this light that was emitted to the universe at 3000 degrees Kelvin and was orange.
What is the Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation?
500
The top spectrum is the reference laboratory spectra of an element. This can be said about the rest of the spectra taken from galaxies. Make sure to reference both direction of travel and speed of movement.
Galaxies 2 & 3 are both redshifted and moving away. Galaxy 3 is moving away faster than Galaxy 2.
Galaxies 4 & 5 are both blueshifted and moving towards. Galaxy 5 is moving towards faster than Galaxy 4