Programming Languages
What is the difference between a high-level programming language and a low-level programming language?
A high-level programming language is closer to human language and abstracts away hardware details, while a low-level programming language is closer to machine code and directly manipulates hardware resources.
What is an algorithm?
An algorithm is a step-by-step procedure or formula for solving a problem.
What is a data structure?
A data structure is a way of organizing and storing data to perform operations efficiently.
What is pseudocode?
Pseudocode is a high-level description of a computer program or algorithm that uses natural language, mathematical notation, and structure conventions to represent the logic of the program without the syntax of a specific programming language.
Name three examples of high-level programming languages.
Examples include Python, Java, and C++.
Name three common sorting algorithms.
Examples include Bubble Sort, Bucket Sort, and Merge Sort.
What is an array?
An array is a collection of elements of the same type stored in contiguous memory locations.
Describe the steps of the problem-solving process.
The problem-solving process typically involves understanding the problem, devising a plan, carrying out the plan, and evaluating the solution.
What is a compiler?
A compiler is a software tool that translates high-level programming code into machine code or bytecode that can be executed by a computer.
Describe the time complexity of an algorithm.
Time complexity measures the amount of time an algorithm takes to run as a function of the length of its input.
Describe the concept of a queue.
A queue is a data structure that follows the First In, First Out (FIFO) principle. Elements are added at the rear and removed from the front.
Explain the concept of abstraction in programming.
Abstraction involves hiding complex implementation details and exposing only essential features or functionality.
Explain the difference between interpreted and compiled programming languages.
Interpreted languages are executed line-by-line by an interpreter, while compiled languages are translated into machine code before execution by a compiler.
Explain the concept of Big O notation and its significance in analyzing algorithms.
Big O notation is used to describe the upper bound of the time or space complexity of an algorithm. It helps in comparing algorithms and predicting their performance as input sizes grow.
What is a dictionary in programming?
A dictionary is a data structure that stores key-value pairs, allowing efficient retrieval of values based on keys.
Discuss the importance of algorithmic efficiency in problem-solving and provide examples of strategies to improve efficiency.
Algorithmic efficiency is crucial for ensuring that programs run quickly and use minimal resources. Strategies to improve efficiency include optimizing algorithms, using appropriate data structures, and minimizing redundant operations.