Control Structures & Logic
What's an expression that evaluates to either True or False?
Boolean Expression
What's the process of iterating through every item in a list to process or check each element?
Traversing
What are the input variables of a procedure? They act as placeholders for the Arguments (actual values) passed in during a call.
Parameters
A search that checks every element in order.
Linear search
A written description of the function of a code segment, event, or program and how it was developed.
Program Documentation
What's a hardware-level representation of Boolean logic called(AND, OR, NOT)?
Logic Gates
What's an ordered sequence of elements?
List
What's the subdivision of a computer program into separate sub-programs (procedures) to make it easier to develop and maintain?
Modularity
A "divide and conquer" search that requires the list to be sorted. It is significantly faster than linear search for large datasets.
Binary search
Determine the type of error:
A mistake where the rules of the programming language are not followed
Syntax error
What's the repetitive portion of an algorithm (a loop) that repeats a specified number of times or until a condition is met?
Iteration
A programmer is creating a list of the names of all the students in a class. Which of the following is the primary benefit of using a list for this purpose rather than individual variables for each name
It allows the program to be written in a way that can handle a varying number of students without changing the code.
What determines how other programs interact with procedures?
API(application programming interface)
A solution that is not perfect but finds a "good enough" answer in a reasonable amount of time.
Determine the type of error:
A mistake in the algorithm causes it to produce incorrect results even though it runs.
Logic error
What is the primary difference between a 'for each' loop and a 'while' loop?
A "for each" loop runs a specific number of times based on a collection, while a "while loop" runs as long as a condition is true.
Which of the following best describes the concept of data abstraction?
Hiding the details of how data is stored and represented to manage complexity.
When a procedure is called, the actual values passed into the procedure are known as:
Parameters
What must be true for a Binary Search to work correctly on a list of data?
The list must be sorted.
A programmer is developing a complex algorithm. Instead of writing the whole thing at once, they write one small part, test it, fix any errors, and then move to the next part. What is this practice called?
Iterative development
Which logical operator is used to evaluate if at least one of two conditions is true?
OR
What is the primary purpose of using a variable in a program?
To provide a label for a value so it can be referenced and updated throughout a program.
What is a common result of effective procedural abstraction?
The program becomes shorter and easier to read.
A Linear Search is being performed on a list of 1,000,000 items. In the worst-case scenario, how many items must be examined?
1,000,000
A programmer uses a 'trace table' to follow the values of variables during a loop. What is the primary purpose of this?
To visualize how variable change over time to find logic errors.