Chemistry of Life
List the 4 macromolecules
Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids.
List at least 1 organelle that plant cells have that animal cells do not have
The organelle which stores and protects the DNA
The nucleus
Name for the chemicals you end up with in a chemical reaction. (found on the right side of the arrow in an equation)
Products
Identify the name of the process that occurs in each of the following organelles: mitochondria & chloroplast.
Mitochondria: (aerobic) cellular respiration
Chloroplast: photosynthesis
Macromolelcule whose main function is storing genetic information
nucleic acids
Organelle that makes ATP through cellular respiration
mitochondria
cell membrane
The main energy molecule of the cell
ATP
Identify the purpose of cellular respiration.
Cellular respiration is how organisms break down food (glucose) to make ATP.
Amino acids are the monomer for this macromolecule
proteins
Organelle which makes proteins
ribosomes
Uncontrolled cell growth =
Cancer
Type of reaction that releases energy (such as an explosion)
Exothermic
Identify the purpose of photosynthesis.
Photosynthesis is how plants (most producers) can make their own food. Photosynthesis converts solar energy to energy stored in food.
Nucleotides are the monomer for this macromolecule
nucleic acids
Active transport
The part of the cell cycle where DNA is duplicated
Interphase (S phase)
What effect does an enzyme have on a chemical reaction
Do producers do cellular respiration? Why?
Yes, producers make their own food but they also need to break their food down to make ATP.
Give the main function of each macromolecule
Nucleic acids: store genetic information
Proteins: many things, like being enzymes
Carbohydrates: short-term energy storage
Lipids: Long-term energy storage
The purpose of the cell cycle
To duplicate the cell, making 2 identical cells.
What happens in mitosis?
The duplicated DNA is prepared for cell division by separating it to opposite sides of the cell.
Identify the name of the following reaction and the name of both reactants.
C6H12O6 + O2 ---> CO2 + H2O
Cellular respiration with the reactants glucose and oxygen
Describe how the energy that powers your movement (ATP) came from the sun.
1. Photosynthesis occurs in a plant, a process that converts solar energy to energy stored in food.
2. Consumers eat the plant and energy flows up a food web to us (or we can eat plants too).
3. Our mitochondria break down the food to make ATP.