die-uh-beet-us
(CLASS) glyburide, glipizide
sulfonylurea
(MOA) sucralfate, bismuth
acid suppression: bind to gastric mucosa to form protective barrier, increasing secretion of mucus
misoprostol (prostaglandin analog)
MOA: PGE1 analog that increases gastric mucosal barrier, decreases acid secretion
BUT also stimulates uterine contractions
DPP4 degrades incretin; inhibiting this process prevents degradation leading to increase in insulin release
("-gliptin")
(DRUG) side effects of this drug include: GI distress, decreased vit B12, lactic acidosis, and renal insufficiency
Metformin (biguanides)
(MOA and INDICATIONS) 5-HT3 antagonist
central effect at area postrema and peripheral effect via inhibition of vagus nerve
indications: generalized nausea, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, postoperative
(DRUGs and WHY) tocolytics -- HINT: 3
used in pre-term labor to delay labor by ~48 hours
1. indomethacin (NSAID)
2. nifedipine (Ca2+ blocker)
3. terbutaline (B2 blocker)
(MOA and effect) Oxybutynin
(M3 antagonist) decrease pee by relaxing detrusor muscle
(DRUG) this class of drugs is contraindicated in patients with thyroid cancer or pancreatitis
Incretins: GLP-1, GIP ("-glutides")
(CLASS/DRUG) competitive antagonist of Gs receptors on parietal cells
H2 antagonists ("-tidines", ex cimetidine)
24 hours
(DRUG and MOA) a1 agonist
contracts internal sphincter to hold in pee
ex. pseudoephedrine, midodrine
Name 2 diabetes meds you can take to decrease post prandial BG?
a glucosidase inhibitors
short acting insulin
meglitinide
amylin agonist
incretin mimetic
(DRUG) mu opioid receptor antagonist that is effective in increasing bowel movements in chronic opioid treated patients without affecting analgesia
Methylnaltrexone
This birth control causes the following SE: decreased bone mineral density, weight gain, and delay in fertility
IM medroxyprogesterone injections (q 90 days)
(MOA) Aliskerin
direct renin blocker leading to decrease in angiotensin II
Biggest decrease in HbA1C levels are by these drugs
insulin
(each additional agent pulls it down by ~1%: SGLT2 inhibitors, amylin agonists)
These are common side effects of anti-constipation laxative medications
diarrhea, abdominal pain, bloating
Inhibition of ovulation by maintaining more consistent hormone levels. Without spikes in estrogen, you prevent LH surge which means no ovulation
Describe the MOA of AVPs and the difference between the two vaptans
acts on blocking action of ADH at V1a, V1b, and V2 making CD impermeable to water
Conivaptan: V1a/V2 unselective (SE: hypokalemia)
Tolvaptan: V2 selective (SE: thirst, GI)