Gibbs Free Energy
Enzymes
Cellular Respiration
Photosynthesis
Random Trivia
100
What value of Gibbs free energy does a reaction have to be spontaneous?
spontaneous reactions
ΔG <0
100
What type of macromolecule are enzymes?
Proteins
100
Is cellular respiration endergonic or exergonic?
-exergonic
-glucose is a high energy reactant
-energy is released as ATP (ATP is not a product)
100
Is photosynthesis exergonic or endergonic?
-endergonic
-glucose is a high energy product
-CO2 and water are lower energy reactants
100
M&M’S Fruit Chews would eventually become what popular candy?
Starburst
200
Endergonic or Exergonic?
Exergonic Reaction
(reactants have more energy than products)
200
What do enzymes do to the activation energy of an reaction?
-they lower the activation energy
-stabilize the transition state
-hold substrates in proper orientation
-change environment
-add or remove functional groups
200
What is the overall equation for cellular respiration?
C6H12O6 + O2 --> CO2 + H2O
200
What is the overall equation for photosynthesis?
CO2 + H2O --> C6H12O6 + O2
200
What was the first animal to ever be cloned?
Sheep
300
Exergonic or Endergonic?
Endergonic
(products have more energy than reactants)
300
How do enzymes affect the ΔG of a reaction?
-enzymes do not affect the ΔG
-enzymes do not affect the energy of reactants or products
300
What is the purpose of O2 in chemiosmosis?
-Final electron acceptor from ETC
-becomes H2O
300
What are the electron donors and acceptors in photosynthesis?
-electron donor: H2O
-electron acceptor: CO2
300
What is Prince Harry’s official first name?
Henry
400
Is the hydrolysis of ATP endergonic or exergonic?
-exergonic
-releasing energy stored in phosphate bonds
400
What can happen to an enzyme if the temperature of an environment is too high?
-the enzyme can denature
-break bonds
-linear
400
True or False: All steps of cellular respiration directly require O2
False, the Krebs cycle does not
-however the ETC requires O2 as final electron acceptor
-without O2, there would not be NAD+ and FAD regenerated
400
True or False: The Calvin Cycle could go on forever even if there is no light.
False, the Calvin Cycle does not need light but it relies on products of the light cycle that will eventually run out.
-its ATP and NADPH
400
Who is Barbie’s oldest little sister?
Skipper
500
How can endergonic reactions occur if they are nonspontaneous?
-coupled with exergonic reactions
-such as the hydrolysis of ATP
500
What is the importance of enzyme shape?
-enzymes have a very specific shape, that allows them to bind to their substrate
-proteins folding = function
500
What powers ATP synthase in chemiosmosis?
-H+ ions flowing down their gradient
-ETC allows H+ ions to flow against their gradient into the inner membrane
-they then flow back out into the low concentration in the mitochondrial matrix
500
What is the issue with photorespiration occurring? (photorespiration is when Rubisco binds to O2 instead of CO2).
-waste of energy (do not generate correct product)
-do not regenerate RuBP (lose carbons of RuBP instead)
500
What sport was featured on the first curved U.S. coin in 2014?
Baseball