Gall Bladder/Panc
Clinical manifestations of this can include pain, jaundice, urine/stool color changes (gray stool, dark urine), and fat soluble vitamin deficiencies.
What is cholelithiasis?
These are the two types of Acute Pancreatis.
What is interstitial edematous pancreatitis and necrotizing pancreatitis?
The presence of calcifications, pancreatic ductal changes, or both of these findings can substantiate the diagnosis of this.
What is chronic pancreatitis?
This medication(s) may be prescribed to dissolve small radiolucent gallstones made up of cholesterol.
What is ursodeoxycholic acid and chenodeoxycholic acid?
These can be prescribed to decrease pancreatic secretion by inhibiting secretion of gastric acid.
What are H2 antagonist (e.g., famotidine)?
A patient diagnosed with gall bladder stones may be prescribed this kind of diet.
What is low fat?
Abuse of these 2 vices can contribute to pancreatitis.
What is ETOH and Tobacco? (page 1429)
The official medical term for fecal fat, which is a possible diagnostic finding in a patient suffering from chronic pancreatitis.
What is steatorrhea?
Because pain is so severe in a patient with pancreatitis, the use of this, if in-patient, for the administration opioids is typical.
What is patient controlled analgesia (PCA) pump?
While these may be prescribed in a step-wise fashion from low-dose to higher dose in conjunction with opioids for pain management, they should be avoided in patients at risk for bleeding.
What are NSAIDS?
In this kind of non-surgical removal of gallstones, an endoscope is inserted into the duodenum in order to access the common bile duct which will enable extraction of the stones.
What is an Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography (ERCP).
While chronic pancreatitis is not often managed by surgery, this type of pancreatic surgery entails side-to-side anastomosis or joining of the pancreatic duct to the jejunum.
What is a pancreaticojejunostomy (aka Roux-en-Y)
During a bout of acute pancreatitis, in most cases serum levels for these 2 diagnostic labs are elevated within 24 hours of symptom onset.
What are amylase and lipase?
Per Hinkle et al., in patients with pancreatitis, the current recommendation is this whenever possible in order to meet nutritional needs.
What is enteral feeding? (often done jejunely)
This is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with acute pancreatitis because of resulting hemorrhage, septic shock, and MODS.
What is Pancreatic necrosis?
In this type of non-surgical treatment of gallstones, shock waves are used to break up the stones.
What is Extracorporeal lithotripsy?
This type of pancreatitis is progressive inflammatory disorder where pancreas cells are destroyed and replaced by fibrous tissue.
What is chronic pancreatitis.
Serum calcium levels are usually this and correlate with the severity of pancreatitis.
What is decreased? (caused by malabsorption of fats and vit D)
In an acute pancreatis patient in an ICU setting, correction of fluid and blood loss and low albumin levels is necessary to maintain fluid volume and prevent this.
What is Acute Kidney Injury?
In teaching a patient about dietary intake, these type of foods increase calorie intake without stimulating pancreatic secretions beyond the ability of the pancreas to respond.
What is high carbohydrate, low protein, and low fat diet?
Self-digestion of the pancreas by its own proteolytic enzymes, principally this one, causes acute pancreatitis.
What is trypsin?
The nurse teaches the chronic pancreatitis patient to reduce these in their diet.
What is fat and protein?
This test evaluates pancreatic islet cell function and provides necessary information for making decision about surgical resection of the pancreas.
What is a glucose tolerance test?
An acute pancreatitis patient that has had surgical intervention may have a multiple of these in place postoperatively as well as an incision that is left open for irrigation and repacking every 2-3 days to remove necrotic debris.
What are drains?
You can tell that your patient probably understands to avoid these food items when they say they will stop frequenting Starbucks and Filibertos Mexican Food.
What are coffee and spicy foods?