Water
Small insects can walk across the surface of calm water. Their feet push the surface of the water down slightly, somewhat like a person walking across a trampoline, but they do not break the surface. What is the best explanation for why this happens?
surface tension/ cohesion
What does it mean when people say the mitochondria is the powerhouse of the cell? What is the actual function of the mitochondria in cells?
breaks down molecules to make energy in the form of ATP
Angel was trying to explain carrying capacity to her mother. Which of the following descriptions is accurate? Carrying capacity is:
A. the maximum number of individuals that an ecosystem can sustain.
B. the ability of an environment to accommodate a growing population.
C. the greatest number of individuals that an area can sustain short term.
D. the maximum number of species that can co-exist in an area.
A
What is the name of the macromolecule that makes up the majority of the cell membrane?
lipid
How are sexual reproduction and asexual reproduction different from each other?
asexual - one parent, no genetic diversity
sexual - two parents, genetic diversity
Large bodies of water, such as lakes and oceans, do not quickly fluctuate in temperature. What is the reason for this phenomenon?
Water has a high heat capacity.
Which cell structure is correctly paired with its primary function?
A. ribosome - protein synthesis
B. mitochondrion - movement
C. vacuole - cell division
D. nucleus - storage of nutrients
A. ribosome - protein synthesis
An animal population decreases from 800 individuals to 600 individuals. Which of the following could explain this change in population size?
A. The population size of the animal’s predator increased.
B. The emigration rate of the animals from the population decreased.
C. The number of breeding pairs in the animal’s population increased.
D. The number of species competing with the animal for food decreased.
A
Resistance to antibiotics results from variations in the genetic code of Streptococcus pneumoniae. Which type of molecule encodes genetic information in Streptococcus pneumoniae?
nucleic acid
Mitosis and meiosis are processes involved in cellular reproduction. Which of the following describes and event that results from mitosis but NOT meiosis?
A. two stages of cell division
B. replication of cellular genetic material
C. daughter cells that are identical to the parent cell
D. four daughter cells that are produced from each parent cell
C
Many fish and aquatic plants can survive a cold winter because the layer of ice that forms at the top of the lake insulates the water below and prevents the lake from freezing solid. What unique property of water contributes to this effect?
Water expands and becomes less dense when it freezes
Solar energy is used to produce energy-rich compounds in which structure?
chloroplasts
Which of the following best explains the difference in the amount of available energy in the trophic levels of any ecosystem?
A. There is less energy available in the producers because their tissues are less dense than those at higher trophic levels.
B. There is more energy available in the second trophic level because less energy is needed for hunting compared to the higher trophic levels.
C. There is more available energy in the birds of prey because they have greater muscle mass for storing energy than organisms in lower trophic levels have.
D. There is less available energy in the fourth trophic level because of the loss of energy through metabolism in each of the lower trophic levels.
D
Baby food manufacturers sometimes use proteases in their products. Proteases catalyze the breakdown of the proteins in these foods, making digestion easier for infants. Proteases are what type of molecule?
enzyme/ protein
Which of the following phrases best describes cancer?
A. absence of cyclins in the DNA
B. multiple gene mutations on a chromosome of DNA
C. uncontrolled cell growth caused by mutations in genes that control the cell cycle
D. presence of genetic defects caused by hereditary disorders
C
Water is often called the "universal solvent" because many substances can be dissolved in water. What about water allows it to be such a versatile solvent?
polarity
Name an organelle that is found in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
ribosome
What is the Rule of Ten?
only 10% of the energy from the previous trophic level will be available for use in the next trophic level
Which macromolecule has a monomer with these three parts: amino group, carboxyl group, and R group?
protein/ amino acid
What phase of mitosis do the chromosomes line up on the equator?
Metaphase
Water has a much higher specific heat than most other covalent compounds. What do you predict might happen if water had a low specific heat instead?
ANSWERS WILL VARY
I will determine if you're correct
Which of the following contain complex, membrane-bound organelles?
1. bacteria 2. viruses 3. eukaryotic 4. prokaryotic
3 only
What is the difference between primary succession and secondary succession?
primary - uninhabited land slowly begins to support life over time
secondary - ecosystem experiences a natural disaster then begins to support life again
Name and give a major function of each macromolecule.
Proteins - cellular structures, enzymes, hormones
Carbs - short term energy
Nucleic Acids - store genetic information
Lipids - long term energy, cell membranes, hormones
What happens during crossing over in meiosis?
during prophase I, homologous chromosomes exchange genetic information