Cells structures/functions
This model describes the structure of the cell membrane as a fluid mosaic, highlighting the role of phospholipids and proteins in maintaining membrane function.
What is the fluid mosaic model?
This type of microscope uses a beam of electons instead of light to achieve much higher magnifications, allowing for detailed viewing of cellular structures.
What is an electron microscope?
The vascular tissue is reponsible for the transpot of water and minerals from roots to the rest of the plant.
What is the xylem?
This type of transport involves the movement of molecules across the cell membrane using the help of proteins.
What is facilitated diffusion?
This protective tissue covers the outer surfaces of leaves, stems, and roots, often with a waxy layer.
What is the epidermis?
This structure houses the cell's DNA and is surrounded by a double membrane, playing a crucial role in gene expression and regulation
What is the nucleus?
This scientist is known as "the father of microscopy" for his work in developing the first compound microscope and for his observations of microorganisms. Hint: animalcules
Who is Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek?
A cube-shaped cell has a side length of 4cm. Calculate the SA, volume, and the SA/V ratio of the cell.
2. V: V= (4cm)^3 = (64cm)^3
3. SA/V: SA/V = 96 cm^2/64 cm^3 = 3/2 = 1.5 cm^-1
These specialized openings on the lead surface, regulated by guard cells, are critical for facilitating gas exchance, allowing CO2 to enter for photosynthesis while enabling the releaze of oxygen and water vapour.
What are the stomata?
This vascular tissue is responsible for the transport of sugars and nutrients throughout the plant.
What is the phloem?
This organelle generates ATP through the process of cellular respiration
What is the mitochondria?
This type of microscope uses visible light and lenses to magnify specimens, typically allowing for a magnification of around 1,000x
What is the light microscope?
This hormone is primarily responsible for promoting cell elongation, fruit development, and the response to light.
What is auxin?
3 PART QUESTION: 200 pts. each
1. This process by which cells take in substances by surrounding them with the cell membrane.
2. This process allows the cell to expel materials by fusing vesicles with the cell membrane.
3. Both endocytosis and exocytosis help cells maintain this stable internal condition.
What is...
1. Endocytosis.
2. Exocytosis.
3. Homeostasis.
Spontaneous generation
What is the theory that life could emerge spontaneously from non-living matter?
This type of transport involves the movement of molecules across the cell membrane without the use of energy, often occuring through protetin channels.
What is passive transport?
This scientist coined the term "cell" after observing cork under the microscope, significantly advancing the study of biology.
Who is Robert Hooke?
The ratio of SA/V affects the efficiency of cellular processes, such as diffusion
What is as a cell grows, its volume increases more quickly than its SA, resulting in a lower SA/V ratio. This means there's less membrane for diffusion, which makes it more difficult for larger cells to efficiently transport nutrients and waste.
DOUBLE QUESTION: 200 pts. each
1. This property of water helps transport nutrients and minerals in plants by allowing water to move through the xylem.
2. This property of water describes its ability to stick to itself. It is essential for maintaining the structures of water columns in plant xlyem during transpiration.
What is...
1. Adhesion?
2. Cohesion?
The 3 main principles of Cell theory
What is
1. All living things are made up of 1 or more cells
2. Cells are are the structural and functional basic unit of life
3. All cells come from pre-existing cells
Organelles in the animal cell
What is
Golgi apparatus, cell membrane, nucleolus, nucleus, nuclear envelope, lysomes, mitochondria, cytoskeleton, smooth and rough endoplasmic reticulum, ribosomes, cytoplasm, and centrioles.
In the mid 19th century, this pair of botanist and zoologist used advancements in microscopy to conclude that all plants and animals are made of cells, leading to the formulation of 2 key principles of the cell theory.
Who is Matthias Schleidon and Theodor Schwann?
This term describes the process by which plants respond to directional stimuli, such as light or gravity.
What is tropism?
3 PART QUESTION: 200 pts. each
1. This type of solution has ahigher concentration of solutes outside the cell than inside, causing water to leave the cell.
2. When a cell is placed in this type of solution, water moves into the cell, potentially causing it to swell and burst.
3. This term refers to a solution witch the same solute concentration as the inside of a cell, resulting in no movement of water.
What is...
1. Hypertonic solution?
2. Hypotonic solution?
3. Isotonic solution?
What is the tip of the shoot?