Mitosis
What is the correct order of phases in mitosis?
Prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase
What are two special events in meiosis that don't occur in mitosis?
Crossing over and independent assortment
What is the difference between a dominant and a recessive allele?
Dominant alleles are always physically expressed
Why is it that cells containing the same DNA can become different types of cells?
What are the three stages of the cell cycle?
Interphase, mitosis, cytokinesis
How many times are chromosomes duplicated in meiosis?
Once!
What is the Law of Segregation?
During meiosis, pairs of alleles separate from each other, leaving one allele in each gamete. During fertilization, alleles reunite to form new allele pairs.
What is the purpose of proto-oncogenes and tumor suppresor genes?
Cell cycle control
What are the stages of interphase?
G1, S phase where DNA is replicated, G2
Are the daughter cells at the end of meiosis genetically identical to each other or genetically different from each other?
Genetically different
What is the Law of Independent Assortment?
Alleles segregate independently from each other during meiosis, so alleles can be inherited independently from each other
Repressor protein; transcription
What happens to the cell during prophase?
DNA condenses, nuclear envelope dissolves, mitotic spindle forms
What is a nondisjunction error?
Homologous pairs or sister chromatids fail to separate during either Anaphase I or Anaphase II, leading to monosomy or trisomy
Autism spectrum disorder is a disorder that has been linked to many genes. This is an example of:
Polygenic inheritance
What is the difference between a benign and malignant tumor?
A malignant tumor has spread to nearby tissues, disrupting normal organ/body functions
An unknown species contains 56 chromosomes in their cells. How many chromosomes will there be in these cells after mitosis?
56
An unknown species contains 56 chromosomes in their cells. How many chromosomes will there be in these cells after meiosis?
28
When crossing two purebred parents, one that is homozygous dominant for a gene and one that is homozygous recessive for a gene, what will the genotype of their offspring?
All the offspring will be heterozygous for the gene
In eukaryotic gene regulation, how can gene expression be controlled at the level of DNA storage in the nucleus?
DNA packing prevents transcription