Macro-molecules
Endo- membrane system
Atom and molecule basics
Cell Com- munication
Abiotic origins of life
100
The monomeric unit of a protein.
What is an amino acid?
100
The information center of the cell.
What is the nucleus?
100
How many covalent bonds will be created with a nitrogen molecule?
What is 3?
100
This is programmed cell death.
What is apoptosis?
100
This scientist did experiments mimicking conditions of early earth to test if the components necessary for life could have arisen abiotically.
Who is Stanley Miller?
200
What is a phosphate group?
200
A network of membranes that lacks bound ribosomes and is involved in the production of lipids.
What is smooth endoplasmic reticulum?
200
Isotopes of a particular chemical element differ in their number of this subatomic particle.
What are neutrons.
200
This type of cell signalling is when a signal molecule is diffused into the environment and sensed by other cells in the vicinity.
What is paracrine signaling?
200
Stanley Miller found that exposing inorganic molecules to conditions of early earth produced these abiotically.
What are organic molecules?
300
The three types of lipids.
What are triglygerides (or fats), phospholipids, and steroids?
300
The recycling center of the cell.
What is a lysosome?
300
An increase in this ion causes a solution to be more acidic.
What is a hydrogen ion?
300
A cell communication pathway in which a signalling molecule causes the activation of a protein, which in turn causes the activates of another protein, and creates a chain reaction of activated proteins. The end result is the desired cellular response.
What is a phosphorylation cascade.
300
Abiotic "cells" that can self-assemble and replicate.
What is a vesicle (or protocell or liposome)?
400
The three components of the nucleotides in DNA.
What are a phosphate group, a sugar, and a nitrogenous base?
400
An organelle that breaks down fatty acids and detoxifies harmful substances.
What is a peroxisome?
400
A large difference in this between atoms in a covalent bonds causes polarity.
What is electronegativity?
400
This membrane receptor binds with the signaling molecule and either opens or closes a place for ions to flow into the cell.
What is a ligand-gated ion channel.
400
Small molecules can self assemble abiotically into these under the right conditions.
What is macromolecules?
500
The bond between monosaccharides in a polysaccharide.
What is a glycosidic linkage?
500
The receiving side of the organelle that modifies and packages proteins.
What is the cis side of the golgi apparatus?
500
The atomic number of carbon.
What is 6?
500
The energy rich molecule that binds to the G-protein (and gives it it's name).
What is GTP? (Also correct: What is GDP?)
500
The first genetic material.
What is RNA?