Nutrition & Metabolism
The two energy-rich coenzymes involved in metabolism are _______ & ________.
NADH (NAD+)
FADH2 (FAD)
This structure gives rise to the organs of the CNS.
Neural Tube
The ______ - ________ pump helps to maintain the electrochemical gradient associated with resting neurons.
Sodium-Potassium
One major difference between the dorsal column system and the spinothalamic tract is where neurons ____________.
Decussate
Which division of the ANS has chains of ganglia in close proximity to each other?
Sympathetic
The two roles of ETC proteins are:
Conduct Redox Reactions
Ion Pumps
These subcortical structures of gray matter receive impulses from the Primary Motor Cortex.
Basal Nuclei
The negative charge within a resting neuron's cell membrane is due to the presence of:
Where is the cell body of the 3rd order neuron in both ascending pathways located?
Thalamus
Cranial nerves fall within the _______ system of the PSNS.
Craniosacral
Lipolysis splits Triglycerides into the two principal components: glycercol & _________ _________.
The latter of these components enters the liver, where _______ __________ __________ occurs.
Fatty Acids
Fatty Acid Oxidation
The gaps in myelination along an axon are called _________ and are important for ___________ propagation.
Nodes of Ranvier
Saltatory
Neurotransmitters are released from the presynaptic neuron into the synaptic cleft by ____________.
Exocytosis
In the Corticospinal Tract, decussation only occurs if the fibers innervate ________________.
Appendicular Muscles
What neurotransmitter is released from postganglionic neurons in the PSNS?
ACh
When blood glucose levels fall below normal range, ________ is released from the _________ to access _______ stored in liver & muscle cells.
Glucagon
Pancreas
Glycogen
There are specific areas of the cerebral cortex called _________'s Areas. One example is Areas 1, 2, and 3, known as the postcentral gyrus or the ___________.
Brodmann's
Primary Somatosensory Cortex
Along the cell membrane of the postsynaptic neuron, you would expect to find a high amount of _____ ______ channels that bind NTs in the synaptic cleft.
Ligand-Gated
Within the dorsal column system, the fasciculus ___________ tract carries information from the upper limbs.
Cuneatus
Visceral Motor Neurons have cell bodies that are located where in the Spinal Cord?
Lateral Horn
In the absence of oxygen, the ________ no longer works. Pyruvate is then converted to __________ after it oxidizes __________.
ETC
Lactic Acid/Lactate
NADH
The three Primary Brain Vesicles are the ______, _______, and ________.
Prosencephalon
Mesencephalon
Rhombencephalon
During synaptic transmission, _______ gated ________ channels open in the synaptic end bulb of the presynaptic neuron, causing NTs to be released into the _________ _________.
Voltage Gated Calcium Channels
Synaptic Cleft
Betz Cells carrying motor impulses have to first pass through the ____________. These myelinated axons then move through triangular tracts of white matter in the medulla called _________.
Internal Capsule
Pyramids
You are stranded in the woods and come face to face with a bear. Visual stimuli are relayed to your brain via the optic nerve.
Motor output is sent through the _______ System, releasing ACh & then ________, causing pupil _________.
Thoracolumbar
Norepinephrine
Dilation